Disaster Evacuation Decision Making By Business Executives

面对灾难疏散建议，负责管理以游客为导向的服务组织的行政人员所使用的决策过程的性质是什么？目前还没有针对这个问题的研究。本研究有六个目标：1)评估以旅游为导向的私营企业主管所制定的计划，以协助他们在受到灾害威胁时作出有关组织撤离的决策；2)识别导致该规划变化的因素；3)描述最终导致实际疏散决策的行为顺序；4)识别导致这些决策变化的因素，如社会特征、组织结构和社区质量；5)描述旨在指导员工行为的既定和紧急组织政策；6)为应急管理人员和企业高管制定政策建议。将采用两阶段的实地比较研究方法。第一阶段的实地研究将评估三个不同规模的模范社区的疏散规划，并将确定造成差异的因素。第二阶段实地研究将在发生两次实际或可能发生的重大灾害后完成，其中发生了撤离。

What is the nature of the decision-making process used by executives responsible for managing tourist-oriented service organizations confronting disaster evacuation advisories? No research has been directed toward this question. The proposed research has six objectives: 1) to assess plans made by executives responsible for tourist- oriented private firms to assist them in making decisions related to evacuation of their organization when threatened with disaster; 2) to identify factors that account for the variation in this planning; 3) to describe the sequence of behavior that culminates in actual evacuation decisions; 4) to identify factors that account for the variation in these decisions, e.g., social characteristics, organizational structures and community qualities; 5) to describe established and emergent organizational policies designed to guide employee behavior; and 6) to formulate policy recommendations for emergency managers and business executives. A two-phased comparative field study methodology will be used. Phase I field studies will assess evacuation planning in three different sized exemplary communities and will identify factors that account for variation. Phase II field studies will be completed following two major disasters, actual or threatened, wherein evacuations occurred.