Hydrologic Analyses of Nested Watersheds in the Siberian Arctic

9614387 Hinzman：发展对北极气候动力学的普遍理解需要对过程进行环极比较，并验证其他地区的区域模式。我们建议调查目前在西伯利亚北极发生的水文和热过程，并将其动态与我们在阿拉斯加北极研究过的流域进行比较。我们的方法是综合日本和俄罗斯科学家在俄罗斯提克西附近的两个嵌套流域收集的水文和气象数据，并将我们的空间分布耦合模型应用于这些流域。空间分布的水文模型需要空间分布的标定和验证数据。这些数据的收集将通过利用合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像来完成。我们将收集现场的真实情况，以开发和验证SAR图像神经网络训练数据集。这项研究将确定利用SAR图像在俄罗斯北极地区开发和操作水文模型中的适用性。这将使我们能够测试和改进我们的水文和热模型模拟当前物理过程的能力，从而提高模型的预测能力。这项研究还将通过提高我们对西伯利亚北极地区发生的物理过程、其变异性及其相互作用的理解，提高我们对全球水文循环的理解。最后，这项研究将使纬度相等的地点之间的水文和热过程的比较分析，以及我们正确模拟这些过程的能力的比较。这项研究还将促进geexex /GAME和ARCSS/LAII研究项目的国际融合，以及俄罗斯、日本和美国研究人员的国际合作，共同分享专业知识，提高我们对洲际层面过程的理解。

9614387 Hinzman Developing a generalized understanding of arctic climatic dynamics requires a circumpolar comparison of processes and validation of regional models in other areas. We propose to investigate current hydrologic and thermal processes occurring in the Siberian Arctic and compare their dynamics to watersheds we have studied in the Alaskan Arctic. Our approach will be to synthesize hydrologic and meteorologic data collected by Japanese and Russian scientists in two nested watersheds near Tiksi, Russia and apply our spatially distributed coupled model to those watersheds. Spatially distributed hydrologic models require spatially distributed calibration and verification data. Collection of this data will be accomplished through utilization of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery. Field ground truth will be collected by us to develop and verify SAR imagery neural network training data sets. This research will identify the applicability of utilizing SAR imagery for use in developmental and operational hydrologic models in the Russian Arctic. It will allow us to test and improve the capability of our hydrologic and thermal model in simulating current physical processes and consequently improve the model's forecasting capability. This research will also improve our understanding of the global hydrologic cycle by improving our understanding of the physical processes occurring in the Siberian Arctic, their variability and their interactions. Finally, this research will enable a comparative analysis of hydrologic and thermal processes between latitudinally equivalent sites, and also a comparison of our ability to correctly simulate these processes. This research will also enable an international meld of the GEXEX/GAME and ARCSS/LAII research programs and an international collaboration of Russian, Japanese and American investigators joining forces to share expertise and improve our understanding of processes of inter-continental dimension.