SBIR Phase I: Fine Particles as a Means of Extinguishing Fires

这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）一期项目将探索小于100微米的颗粒的灭火特性。通常用于干粉灭火器的较大颗粒在穿过火焰时吸收的热量相对较少，它们主要通过吸收周围环境的热量来灭火。然而，小颗粒可以达到火焰的温度，从而通过蒸发和/或作为散热器直接从火焰中带走热量。它们可以通过提供自由基复合的表面积来抑制火焰的传播。小颗粒的溴化钙可能特别有效，因为它们会氧化成氧化钙和溴。氧化钙将作为散热器冷却火焰，溴将通过使哈龙成为有效灭火剂的相同机制抑制自由基反应。第一阶段将解决如何提供足够的动量使小颗粒进入火焰的问题，并展示解决这个问题的方法。随着哈龙的禁止，极地作业和许多其他活动面临严重的消防问题。商业应用预计在这些和许多其他灭火情况。＊＊＊

*** 96-60274 Lyon This Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase I project will explore the fire extinguishing properties of particles smaller than 100 microns. Larger particles that are commonly used in dry powder extinguishers absorb relatively little heat as they pass through a flame, and they extinguish fires chiefly by absorbing heat from the surroundings. Small particles, however, can come to flame temperature and thus remove heat directly from the flame by vaporizing and/or by acting as radiators. They can inhibit flame propagation by providing surface area for free radical recombination. Small particles of calcium bromide may be particularly effective since they will oxidize to calcium oxide and bromine. Calcium oxide will cool the flame by acting as a radiator, and the bromine will inhibit free radical reactions via the same mechanism which makes halons effective fire extinguishing agents. Phase I will address the problem of imparting sufficient momentum to carry small particles to the flame and demonstrate a solution to this problem. With the banning of halons, polar operations and many other activities face severe fire protection problems. Commercial applications are anticipated in these and many other fire suppression situations. ***