Dissertation Research: Household Organization and Social Inequality at the Dionisio Point Village Site, Northwest Coast

在基思·金蒂博士的指导下，科林·格里尔先生将为他的博士论文收集数据。他将在位于不列颠哥伦比亚省加利亚诺岛的迪奥尼西奥角进行考古发掘。该遗址包含五个大型史前房屋洼地，测试挖掘产生的放射性碳年代范围为2150 - 1400 BP。除了对文物的风格分析外，还将该遗址置于西北海岸史前史的Marpole阶段。正是在这段时间里，民族志观察到的模式首次出现在考古记录中。由于拥有丰富而可靠的海洋和河流资源，尤其是鲑鱼，西北海岸的人们达到了狩猎者和采集者特有的社会复杂性和社会分层水平。他们居住在大型的永久性村庄，建造多户住宅，拥有世袭的酋长和奴隶，并发动有组织的群体间战争。格里尔先生希望深入了解导致这种格局的过程。特别是，他计划研究社会不平等是如何发展的。无论是在人种学上还是在Dionisio Point，精心建造的大型木板住宅都容纳了多个家庭。每个人都有自己的壁炉，并占据了房子里的一个单独的区域。在一个层面上，大家庭形成了一个有凝聚力的功能单位，各个家庭很可能相互独立。然而，在家庭内部，每个人都保持着独立的身份，格里尔先生希望确定平等主义在社会和经济层面上的适用程度。正是在Marpole阶段，酋长出现在西北海岸，研究的根本目标是研究新兴酋长之间的关系和较小的组成家庭群体之间的相互作用的性质。由于每个板房内的个人家庭空间在考古学上是如此明确，该网站提供了研究这个问题的绝佳条件。格里尔先生将在几座房屋内挖掘广阔的水平区域，并收集文物和动物遗骸。对这些材料的性质和数量进行比较，然后在各个房屋内的家庭单位之间进行比较，这将使他能够评估不平等的相对程度。 这项研究之所以重要，有几个原因。它将使人们深入了解家庭在社会中不断变化的作用，因为这个更大的实体在文化复杂性方面有所增加。 它还将协助培养一名有前途的青年科学家。

Under the direction of Dr. Keith Kintigh, Mr. Colin Grier will collect data for his doctoral dissertation. He will conduct archaeological excavation at Dionisio Point, located on Galiano Island in British Columbia. The site contains five large prehistoric house depressions and test excavations have produced radiocarbon dates ranging from 2150 - 1400 BP. This, in addition to stylistic analysis of artifacts recovered, places the site within the Marpole phase of Northwest Coast prehistory. It was during this time that ethnographically observed patterns first appear in the archaeological record. Because of the availability of rich and dependable ocean and riverine resources, especially salmon, Northwest Coast peoples reached a level of social complexity and social stratification unique among hunters and gatherers. They inhabited large permanent villages, constructed multi-family dwellings, had hereditary chiefs as well as slaves and waged organized intergroup warfare. Mr. Grier wishes to gain insight into the processes which led to this pattern. In particular he plans to examine how social inequality developed. Both ethnographically and at Dionisio Point large carefully constructed plank dwellings housed multiple families. Each had their own fireplace and occupied a separate area within the house. At one level the large household formed a cohesive functioning unit and it is highly likely that individual families were mutually independent. However within the household each maintained a separate identity and Mr. Grier wishes to determine the extent to which egalitarianism applied on both a social and economic level. It is during the Marpole phase that chiefdoms emerged on the Northwest coast and the underlying goal of the research is to examine the relationship between emerging chiefdoms and the nature of interaction between smaller constituent family groups. Because individual family space is so well defined archaeologically within each plank house, the site provides and excellent situation to study this question. Mr. Grier will excavate broad horizontal areas within several houses and collect both artifacts and faunal remains. Comparison of the nature and amount of these materials among family units within individual houses and then between houses will allow him to assess relative degrees of inequality. This research is important for several reasons. It will provide insight into the changing roles of families in society as this larger entity increases in cultural complexity. It will also assist in training a promising young scientist.