ITR: SafetyNet: Synergistic Support for Availability, Designability, Programmability, & Performance

EIA-0205286田纳西州大卫·A·伍德大学ITR：SafetyNet：对可用性、可设计性、可编程性和性能的协同支持由远程服务器计算机支持的信息服务正在成为社会商业、科学、教育和政府基本基础设施的一部分。许多服务器都是共享内存的多处理器，在过去十年中，单处理器的性能提高了60倍，这对来说是另外两倍。这些令人难以置信的性能改进给服务器设计带来了越来越大的压力，要求它们改善互补的计算机性能，例如：可用性。社会需要像我们的电力和淡水供应一样可靠的信息服务。然而，除非开发和应用新的体系结构技术，否则服务器的可用性将随着时间的推移而下降，因为深亚微米晶体管不那么可靠(而且更容易受到辐射)，而且未来的服务器将使用更多的晶体管，提供更多的故障机会。可设计性。可设计性是部署一台完全正确的计算机的挑战。从今天的计算机系统中清除错误是昂贵的，无论是人力还是时间，而且随着晶体管的繁荣使更复杂的设计成为可能，情况还会变得更糟。此外，不可预测的延迟会导致昂贵的制造设施得不到充分利用，并导致每月5%的性能损失(由于摩尔定律)。可编程性。服务器通常运行多线程软件，将其原始计算能力转化为高吞吐量的信息服务。不幸的是，难以测试的竞赛使编写这类软件成为一项挑战，它强调当前的编程实践，并导致已部署软件中的错误。应奖励有助于快速开发健壮软件的硬件。性能。提高可用性、可设计性和可编程性的解决方案，如果最多对性价比影响不大，就更有可能蓬勃发展。更好的是，除了其他属性外，硬件还可以实际提高性能。

EIA-0205286 David A. Wood University of Tennessee ITR: SafetyNet: Synergist Support for Availability, Designability, Programmability, & PerformanceInformation services, supported by remote server computers, are becoming part of society's essential infrastructure for commerce, science, education, and government. Many servers are shared-memory multiprocessors that multiply the 60-fold single-processor performance improvements of the last decade by an additional factor of two to 64. These incredible performance improvements are putting increasing pressure on sever designs to improve complementary computer properties, such as:Availability. Society needs information services that are as dependable as our electricity and fresh water supplies. Unless new architectural techniques are developed and applied, however, server availability will go down with time, since deep submicron transistors are less reliable (and more susceptible to radiation) and future servers will employ more transistors, offering more failure opportunities.Designability. Designability is the challenge of deploying a completely correct computer. Getting the bugs out of today's computer systems is expensive, in both manpower and time, and getting worse as the transistor bonanza enables more complex designs. Furthermore, unpredictable delays leave expensive manufacturing facilities underutilized and cost 5% performance per month (due to Moore's Law).Programability. Servers typically run multi-threaded software to turn their raw computing power into high-throughput information services. Unfortunately, hard-to-test races make writing such software a challenge that stresses current programming practices and leads to bugs in deployed software. Hardware that facilitates rapid development of robust software should be prized.Performance. Solutions that improve availability, designability, and programmability will more likely flourish if they have, at most, a modest impact on cost-performance. Better yet would be hardware that actually improves performance, in addition to the other properties.