SHF: Small: Power Husbanding via Architectural Techniques (PHAT)

功耗已成为计算机系统的主要设计限制因素。ITRS路线图指出：“电源管理现在是大多数应用领域的首要问题。”最糟糕的情况下，电力供应已经让位于电力上限，后者在必要时会抑制性能。不幸的是，电力上限类似于限电，惩罚的是电力公用事业的所有用户，而不是那些最能忍受停电的用户。这项研究的主题是，计算机系统应该将电力视为一种宝贵的资源来管理：以节俭的方式进行指导和管理；以良好的目的和最佳的优势使用或利用电力。这项研究将通过在不同硬件组件之间适当转移功率的架构技术来研究有效的功率绑定，就像良好的预算将资金用于最有效的地方一样。功率绑定解决方案包括：(A)估计资源使用的低开销在线机制；(B)动态改变资源运行水平的低成本技术；以及(C)实现高能效运行配置的有效策略。可重构缓存的研究将扩展以前的成果以实现细粒度的在线控制，扩展和开发新的核心架构以实现性能和功率的比例扩展，以及适应和开发新的存储系统(通常占系统功耗的30%)。PI将继续通过学生、课程、讲座、产业联盟、商业影响力和开源模拟基础设施来推动最先进的技术。

Power consumption has become a dominant design constraint for computer systems. The ITRS Roadmap states: "power management is now the primary issue across most application segments." Worst-case power provisioning has given way to power capping, which throttles performance when necessary. Unfortunately, power-capping is analogous to brown-outs, which penalize all customers of an electrical utility, rather than those who can best tolerate loss of power. The thesis of this research is that computer systems should treat power as a precious resource to be husbanded: To direct and manage with frugality; to use or employ to good purpose and the best advantage. The research will investigate effective power husbanding via architectural techniques that appropriately shift power between different hardware components, much as good budgeting applies money where it is most effective. Power husbanding solutions include (a) low-overhead online mechanisms to estimate resource use, (b) low-cost techniques for dynamically changing a resource's operational level, and (c) effective policies for reaching power efficient operating configurations. Research will extend previous accomplishments on reconfigurable caches to enable online control at fine granularities, extend previous and develop new core architectures to enable proportional scaling of performance and power, and adapt and develop new memory systems which often accounting for 30% of system power.Power husbanding seeks to make computation more power efficient, which has important national and global implications. The PIs will continue to advance the state-of-the-art through students, courses, talks, industrial affiliates, commercial influence, and open-source simulation infrastructure.