Place-Based Decision Support for Spatial and Temporal Transference of Risk and Hazards

为风险和危险的时空转移提供基于地点的决策支持不平等(地理、时间、社会)的作用是脆弱性科学中最不被理解的概念之一，脆弱性科学是一个新兴的多学科领域，专注于使人和地方容易受到来自自然、技术或人为威胁的环境威胁。这项研究考察了灾害和风险对人们及其居住地的不同影响，并将开发新的方法和模型来衡量地方一级对极端事件和慢性风险的脆弱性(和复原力)。两个以地点为基础的案例研究将作为试验台，将理论、概念、方法和模型连接到基于地理信息系统的决策支持工具包中。加州洛杉矶市和南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿市的案例研究地点是根据常见和独特的灾害(飓风、地震)的组合、区域随规模变化的复杂性范围、建筑环境的性质以及团队成员的当地知识来选择的。该项目将提供一个收集信息的协议和工具包，以指导和促进关于不断变化的危险脆弱性分布和性质的知识。它将把这些知识和工具转移到从业者社区，从而为联邦、州和地方各级关于灾害准备、规划、响应和减少的决策提供科学基础。它还将有助于培训下一代漏洞科学家。

Place-Based Decision Support for Spatial and Temporal Transference of Risk and HazardsThe role of inequality (geographic, temporal, social) is one of the least understood concepts in vulnerability science, an emergent multidisciplinary field focused on what makes people and places vulnerable to environmental threats from natural, technological, or human-induced threats. This research examines the different impacts of hazards and risks on people and the places they live and will develop new methods and models for measuring vulnerability (and resilience) to extreme events and chronic risks at the local level. Two place-based case studies will serve as test-beds for linking theory, concepts, methods, and models in a GIS-based decision support tool kit. The case study sites, Los Angeles, CA and Charleston, SC were chosen based on the mix of common and unique hazards (hurricanes, earthquakes), a range in scale-dependent complexities of the regions, the nature of the built environment, and the local knowledge of team members.This project will provide a protocol and tool kit for gathering information to guide and advance knowledge of the changing distribution and nature of hazards vulnerability. It will transfer such knowledge and tools to the practitioner community, thus providing the scientific basis for decisions regarding hazard preparedness, planning, response, and reduction at the federal, state, and local levels. It will also help train the next generation of vulnerability scientists.