Arctic Surface Air Temperatures for the past 100 years: Analysis and Reconstruction of an integrated data set for Arctic System Science

长期以来，北极一直被认为是全球气候变化的先兆，因为全球地表气温(SAT)的上升在北极被放大。SAT的这些增加对北极气候和生态的许多其他方面产生了深远的影响。例如，北冰洋海冰变薄和面积减少归因于SAT的增加，许多动植物物种正在进一步向北迁徙。为了更好地理解这些过程，需要准确的SAT场，但到目前为止，整个北极还没有足够长的SAT的强大网格数据集，例如，AICA(2004)报告中显示的1954-2003年北极SAT的趋势显示了北冰洋SAT的“数据空白”。目前提供北冰洋卫星测量估计值的数据集始于1979年，当时浮标观测和卫星得出的表面温度有所增加。现场数据集与卫星得出的数据集之间也有一些差异，例如，卫星对趋势的估计显示，冬季北极上空变冷，而现场估计显示，那里的温度已经变暖。这项研究将产生权威的SAT数据集，涵盖1901年至今的北冰洋，这些数据将被用于更好地了解北极气候变化。这项研究的主要目的是了解北极SAT年代际变化对北极和全球气候的原因和影响。

The Arctic has long been considered a harbinger of global climate change since increases in surface air temperature (SAT) over the globe are amplified in the Arctic. These increases in SAT have a profound impact on many other aspects of Arctic climate and ecology. For example, the thinning and decrease in area of Arctic sea ice has been attributed to increases in SAT, and many plant and animal species have been migrating further north.In order to better understand these processes, accurate fields of SAT are required, but as of yet, a robust gridded data set of SAT of sufficient length is not available over the entire Arctic, e.g. the trends in SAT over the Arctic from 1954 - 2003 shown in the ACIA (2004) report exhibit a "data void" in SAT over the Arctic Ocean. The data sets that are currently available that provide estimates of SAT over the Arctic Ocean begin in 1979 with the increase in buoy observations and satellite derived surface temperatures. There are also some discrepancies between the in situ and satellite derived data sets, e.g. the satellite estimates of trends show cooling over the Arctic during winter where the in situ estimates show that temperatures have warmed. This research will produce authoritative SAT data sets, which cover the Arctic Ocean from 1901 - present, which will be used to better understand Arctic climate change. The primary goal of this study is to understand the causes and effects of the interdecadal variability in Arctic SAT on Arctic and global climate.