High Efficiency Organic Solar Cells with Novel Transparent Electrodes

具有新型透明电极的高效有机太阳能电池（ECCS-0653722）北卡罗来纳州州立大学（J. Narayan，PI）项目概述本研究的主要目的是找到用于有机太阳能电池的新型透明电极材料，以替代目前用作透明电极的氧化铟锡。长期以来一直用作TCO（透明导电氧化物）的ITO由于其高成本、有限的供应以及差的化学稳定性和扩散阻挡性能而引起严重的问题。智力优势：该提案提出了基于氧化钼（掺杂有Mn的MoOx）和氧化锌（掺杂有Ga或Al的ZnO）的新材料作为ITO的替代物。MoOx（2 × 3）由于其较高的功函数可能比ZnO基材料更好。（1）在玻璃和蓝宝石（0001）上合成和加工ZnO（掺杂Ga或Al）和MoOx（2 × 3）薄膜，其中这些薄膜可以通过畴匹配外延生长为外延单晶。晶粒尺寸和晶界的性质将被系统地改变以建立微结构-电性质的相关性;（2）建立从随机多晶、织构化多晶到单晶的各种微结构的电阻率与温度的相关性;（3）研究缺陷和界面的性质，并将该信息与太阳能电池效率相关联;及（4）利用优化微结构和性能的TCO薄膜制造高效率太阳能电池。更广泛的影响：该提案包括培训研究生和本科生，并与北卡罗来纳州立大学合作&，吸引少数民族学生进入北卡罗来纳州立大学的研究生课程。外联活动还将涉及ASM国际赞助的高中高年级学生暑期学校。这些学生接触到新材料，分析工具，材料特性和建模的最新发展。PI通过远程教育网络教授一系列课程，NC A T的学生可以参加课程并学习新材料，加工，表征和建模以及器件制造的最新发展。

High Efficiency Organic Solar Cells with Novel Transparent Electrodes (ECCS-0653722)North Carolina State University (J. Narayan, PI)Project Summary The primary objective of this research is to find novel transparent electrode materials for organic solar cells, alternative to indium tin oxide which is used presently as a transparent electrode. The ITO, which has been used as TCO (transparent conducting oxide) for a long time, poses a serious problem due to its high cost, limited supply, and poor chemical stability and diffusion barrier properties. Intellectual Merit: This proposal addresses novel molybdenum oxide (MoOx doped with Mn) and zinc oxide (ZnO doped with Ga or Al) based materials as alternative to ITO. The MoOx( 2 x3) could be potentially better than ZnO-based materials in view of its higher work function. The proposed research has four components: (1) Synthesis and processing ZnO (doped with Ga or Al) and MoOx( 2 x3) films on glass, and sapphire (0001) where these films cab be grown as epitaxial single crystal via domain matching epitaxy. The grain size and the nature of grain boundaries will be varied systematically to establish microstructure-electrical property correlations; (2) Establish resistivity versus temperature correlations for various microstructures ranging from random poly, to textured poly, to single crystals; (3) Study the properties of defects and interfaces and correlate this information with solar cell efficiency; and (4) Fabricate high-efficiency solar cells utilizing TCO films of optimized microstructures and properties.Broader Impacts:The proposal includes training of graduate and undergraduate students and collaborations with NC A&T University to attract minority students into the graduate program at NCSU. The outreach will also involve ASM-International sponsored Summer School for rising High-School seniors. These students are exposed to recent developments in new materials, analysis tools, materials properties and modeling. The PI teaches a series of courses through distance-education network, where students from NC A&T can take courses and learn latest developments in novel materials, processing, characterization and modeling, and device fabrication.