Altitudinal variation in the biotic response to recurrent climate fluctuations and human impact during the past 15,000 years in the Carpathian region

我们建议的目的是利用多学科方法结合广泛的古技术和创新的数值模拟方法，评估过去生物对气候和人类影响的反应率，以及可能的变化驱动因素。该提案的重点是欧洲生态最关键的地区之一；喀尔巴阡山脉地区，包括两个对未来气候和土地利用敏感的地区；低地和高山地区。所采用的技术包括花粉化石、植物宏观化石、烧焦遗骸、微观和宏观木炭、矿物磁测量、元素地球化学、稳定碳和氮同位素、介形虫、Pb210、C14定年以及气候和植被模型，这些技术应用于罗马尼亚各地海拔梯度（250-2000米）的沉积序列网络。通过将古生态和地球化学分析与植被模拟相结合，我们旨在提高我们对这一重要但尚未调查的研究区域过去气候和植被动态的理解，这对于预测未来潜在的气候和土地覆盖变化也至关重要。

The aim of our proposal has been to assess rates of past biotic response to climate and human impact and the likely drivers of change using a multidisciplinary approach combining both an extensive range of palaeo-techniques and innovative numerical modeling approaches. The proposal has been focused on one of the most ecologically critical regions of Europe; the Carpathian region and includes two zones sensitive to future climate and land use; the lowlands and the high mountain areas. Techniques employed include fossil pollen, plant macrofossils, charred remains, micro and macro-charcoal, mineral magnetic measurements, elemental geochemistry, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, ostracoda, Pb210, C14 dating in conjunction with climate and vegetation modeling, applied to a network of sedimentary sequences from an altitudinal gradient (250-2000 m) across Romania. By combining palaeoecological and geochemical analyses and vegetation modelling, we aim at enhancing our understanding of past climate and vegetation dynamics in this important yet under investigated study region, which is also crucial for projections of potential future climate and land cover changes.