Migration in Wild Capuchin Monkeys

在大多数灵长类物种中，一种性别的成员在青春期左右迁移，离开他们的出生群体并试图加入另一个群体，然后在其中繁殖。关于何时、何地以及与谁一起迁移的决定可能是这些个体做出的最重要的决定，因为它们对死亡风险以及获得繁殖机会有着巨大的影响。在白脸卷尾猴（Cebus capucinus）中，雄性会多次迁移，而雌性则会留在它们的出生群体中。雄性或单独迁徙，或与盟友一起迁徙。由于新移民取代了男性领袖的地位，经常杀害婴儿，因此可以预期，新移民的存在对女性和男性都是一个压力来源。 这个项目是一项为期18年的研究的延续，该研究记录了11个社会群体中107只白面卷尾猴的生活史，将收集人口统计学和行为数据，以及遗传和激素数据（从粪便中非侵入性收集）以获取影响雄性迁移策略的因素，以及试图保护后代免受可能杀死婴儿的新移民侵害的女性的应对策略。广泛的行为记录将使测试的假设，关系质量的影响，发挥经验和个性的有效性，特定的迁移策略。 Lomas Barbudal猴子项目将为18名学生提供为期一年的实习机会，为他们进入研究生院和保护工作做好准备。该项目还为博士后研究员和研究生提供研究机会。PI和长期研究助理担任哥斯达黎加公园管理局和当地土地所有者的顾问，为重新造林和减轻发展和旅游业对野生动物的负面影响提供建议。项目工作人员还制作了教育材料，并在研究地点附近的小学进行了关于保护的介绍。

In most primate species, the members of one sex migrate around the time of puberty, leaving their birth group and attempting to join another group in which they then reproduce. Decisions about when, where, and with whom to migrate are possibly the most important decisions that these individuals make, because they have tremendous impact on risk of death, as well as access to breeding opportunities. In white-faced capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus), males migrate multiple times, whereas females remain in their birth groups. Males migrate either singly or with allies. Because new immigrants who take over the alpha male position often kill infants, it may be expected that the presence of recent immigrants is a source of stress for females as well as males. This project, a continuation of an 18-year study documenting the life histories of 107 white-faced capuchin monkeys in 11 social groups, will collect demographic and behavioral data, as well as genetic and hormonal data (collected non-invasively from feces) to access the factors that contribute to migration strategies for males, and counter-strategies for females trying to protect their offspring from new immigrants who might kill the infants. Extensive behavioral records will enable testing of hypotheses regarding the effects of relationship quality, play experience and personality on the effectiveness of particular migration tactics. The Lomas Barbudal Monkey Project will provide year-long internships to 18 students, preparing them for graduate school and conservation jobs. The project also provides research opportunities for postdoctoral fellows and graduate students. The PI and the long-term research assistants serve as consultants to the Costa Rican Park Service and local landowners by providing recommendations for reforestation and ways to mitigate the negative effects of development and tourism on wildlife. Project staff members also create educational materials and give presentations on conservation at primary schools near the study site.