SHF: Small: SISA: A System-Level ISA for Power-Performance Management in CMPs

近几十年来，功率和复杂性挑战限制了通过时钟频率调整实现计算性能持续增长的能力。未来的增长将通过在同一芯片上实现多个独立处理器的系统来实现。然而，挑战在于为这些系统编写软件，以及创建可跨几代硬件移植的软件。为了让并行软件顺利地利用芯片的计算和通信能力，硬件需要关于软件结构和资源需求的更好信息。类似于传统的细粒度指令集体系结构(ISA)，本研究提出了一种更高级别的粗粒度系统级ISA或SISA。SISA提供有关计算块以及它们之间的数据或同步依赖关系的信息。SISA将软件表示为粗粒度有向图，使并行计算和通信的高效、自适应调度成为可能。它还在可靠性、能效和便携性方面提供了其他好处。拟议的研究计划将在几个方面产生广泛影响。首先，国际和平研究所在知识传播和技术转让方面有良好的记录。这包括与业界的广泛合作关系，以及几项专利。此外，PI在发布高影响力软件工具供外部使用方面也有过往记录。Wattch Power建模工具是她的团队发布的五个主要工具之一，全世界数千名计算研究人员正在使用该工具。PI在支持本科生研究和代表不足的群体方面也有很好的记录，并通过CRA-W和普林斯顿项目建议夏季与女性和代表不足的少数族裔进行本科生研究。她参与了非STEM学生的教学和多学科努力，并将通过这项研究继续和扩大此类活动。

Over recent decades, power and complexity challenges have limited the ability to derive continued growth in computing performance through clock frequency scaling. Future growth will come through implementing systems with many independent processors on the same chip. Challenges lie, however, in writing software for these systems, and in creating software that is portable across several hardware generations. For parallel software to smoothly exploit a chip's computation and communication capabilities, hardware needs better information regarding software's structure and resource requirements. Analogous to the traditional, fine-grained instruction set architecture (ISA), this research proposes a higher-level, coarse-grained System-level ISA or SISA. SISA provides information on computational chunks and the data or synchronization dependencies between them. Expressing software as a coarse-grained directed graph, SISA enables efficient, adaptive scheduling of parallel computation and communication. It also offers other benefits for reliability, energy-efficiency and portability. The proposed research program will have broad impact in several ways. First, the PI has a solid track record of knowledge dissemination and technology transfer. This includes extensive collaborative relationships with industry, and several patents. In addition, the PI has a track record of releasing high-impact software tools for external use. The Wattch power modeling tool is one of five major tools distributions from her group, in use by thousands of computing researchers worldwide. The PI also has a strong track record of support for undergraduate research and underrepresented groups, and has also advised summers of undergraduate research with women and under-represented minorities through CRA-W and Princeton programs. She has been involved in teaching non-STEM students and multidisciplinary efforts, and will continue and broaden such activities through this research.