Research and Development towards next Generation of High Power ECR Ion Sources for Hadron Accelerators

本项目重点了解电子回旋共振（ECR）离子源的等离子体物理以及从ECR离子源等离子体中提取粒子所涉及的复杂光束输运。ECR是在等离子体物理、凝聚态物理和加速器物理中观察到的一种现象。回旋加速器是一种电子粒子加速器，它利用振荡电场调谐到在磁场中运动的电子的共振频率。这种共振增加了电子的动能。ECR离子源开发是等离子体物理、原子物理、加速器物理、磁体技术、加速器工程等学科相结合的跨学科研究领域。ECR离子源由于其通用性和可靠性而成为重离子设施的优越注入器。高电荷态离子可以使加速器更紧凑，成本更低，这一直是ECR离子源研究的主要动力。为了满足未来重离子设施的强度要求，该技术需要进一步扩展。根据以往的经验，下一次技术飞跃将是一项要求苛刻的研发密集型任务。为了利用高等离子体密度，必须开发新的离子束提取系统，使人们能够从高磁场中提取高质量的离子束。该奖项解决了一些基本的物理问题和技术挑战，这些问题和挑战需要得到回答，以促进这一技术飞跃。该奖项将扩展对ECR离子源的等离子体物理学和从ECR离子源等离子体中提取的光束的复杂光束传输的理解。实验测量的等离子体特性将与离子束输运实验相结合，以建立提取的多种离子束的真实模型。该研究将通过模拟光束与光束线中残余气体的相互作用来推进光束输运仿真工具。这将允许设计和优化ECR离子源注入器的光束传输线。更广泛的影响secr离子源是最先进的注入系统重离子加速器，碳治疗加速器和工业应用。因此，通过该奖项获得的专业知识将不仅具有学术价值，而且将通过培训该领域的本科生和研究生，为研究机构和行业培养一支备受追捧的劳动力队伍。密歇根州立大学的ECR离子资源为学生和博士后提供了理想的实践教育经验，并将提供开发先进模拟工具的机会。

OverviewThis project focuses on the understanding of the plasma physics of Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion sources and the complex beam transport involved in the extraction of particles from ECR ion source plasmas. ECR is a phenomenon observed in plasma physics, condensed matter physics and accelerator physics. The cyclotron is an electron particle accelerator that uses an oscillating electric field tuned to a resonance frequency of the electrons moving in a magnetic field. This resonance adds kinetic energy to the electron. ECR ion source development is a cross disciplinary research field that combines plasma physics, atomic physics, accelerator physics, magnet technology, and accelerator engineering. ECR ion sources are superior injectors for heavy ion facilities because of their versatility and reliability. Higher charge state ions allow making accelerators more compact and cost effective, which has been a major motivator for ECR ion source research. To fulfill the intensity requirements of future heavy ion facilities, the technology needs to be extended to the next level. Based on previous experience, the next technology leap will be a demanding research and development intensive task. To take advantage of the higher plasma density, new ion beam extraction systems must be developed which allow one to extract high quality ion beams from the high magnetic field. This award addresses some of the fundamental physics questions and technical challenges that need to be answered to facilitate this technology leap.Intellectual MeritThis award will extend the understanding of the plasma physics of ECR ion sources and the complex beam transport of beams extracted from ECR ion source plasmas. The experimentally measured plasma properties will be combined with ion beam transport experiments to develop a realistic model of the extracted multispecies ion beam. The research will advance beam transport simulation tools by modeling the interaction of the beam with the residual gas in the beam line. This will allow the design and optimization of the beam transport line for ECR ion source injectors.Broader ImpactsECR ion sources are state-of-the-art injector systems for heavy ion accelerators, carbon therapy accelerators and industrial applications. Thus the expertise gained through this award will be not only of academic interest, but will contribute to the development of a highly sought-after workforce for research facilities and industry alike through the training of undergraduate and graduate students in this field. The ECR ion sources at Michigan State University provide an ideal, hands-on educational experience for students and postdocs and will provide an opportunity to develop advanced simulation tools.