Synthesis and Spectroscopy of Complex Halide and Chalcogenide Nanocrystals

非技术摘要：半导体纳米结构是许多能源和信息技术的关键组成部分，它们将成为许多未来技术的核心，包括先进形式的通信和数据处理。这项研究正在纳米尺度上产生新形式的物质，这些物质由具有复杂和未开发成分的半导体制成。该项目使研究人员能够合成这些新的半导体类别，并通过结合材料开发和物理表征研究推进对这些材料的基本理解，从而扩大纳米科学的前沿。除了产生新的科学知识和新的物质形式外，该项目还为参与的本科生和研究生提供技术培训，为他们未来在科学、工程、教育和相关领域的职业生涯做好准备。通过本科生的参与，将研究概念纳入本科课程，与本科院校的教师合作，将研究和教育结合在早期职业水平上，扩大了该项目的影响（并接待这些教师及其本科生），以及成熟的社区外展活动。技术摘要：该项目的目标是发现和开发新的复杂半导体纳米结构，开发新的合成方法，以及使用光谱，分析，和计算工具来阐明这些复杂材料中的关键结构/功能关系，其总体目标是加速涉及这些材料的技术创新。该项目特别关注胶体三元，四元和掺杂的卤钙钛矿型半导体纳米晶体，包括混合金属elpashtite，和胶体三元，合金和掺杂的黄铜矿型纳米晶体，包括CuInS 2。这些材料提供了及时的新机会，以获得具有技术价值的前所未有的物理特性。该项目还推进了对无铅和无镉半导体纳米晶体的化学和物理理解，这些纳米晶体最终可能取代基于这些离子的众所周知的系统，成为未来技术的主力。总的来说，该项目产生了新材料、新的基础知识，为参与者提供了高级培训，并最终为未来的能源转换、信息处理、传感和其他光电技术提供了新材料平台。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Non-Technical Abstract:Semiconductor nanostructures are critical components of many energy and information technologies, and they will be central to numerous future technologies including advanced forms of communications and data processing. This research is generating new forms of matter on nanometer length scales made from semiconductors with complex and unexplored compositions. This project is enabling capabilities that will allow researchers to synthesize these new classes of semiconductors, and it is advancing the fundamental understanding of such materials through combined materials development and physical characterization studies, thereby expanding the frontiers of nanoscience. In addition to yielding new scientific knowledge and new forms of matter, this project is also providing technical training for participating undergraduate and graduate students to prepare them for future careers in science, engineering, education, and related fields. The impact of this project is broadened by integrating research and education at early-career levels through engagement of undergraduates, incorporation of research concepts into undergraduate curricula, collaboration with faculty from undergraduate institutions (and hosting such faculty and their undergraduate students), and mature community outreach activities.Technical Abstract: This project is targeting discovery and development of new complex semiconductor nanostructures, development of new synthetic methodologies, and use of spectroscopic, analytical, and computational tools to elucidate key structure/function relationships in these complex materials, with the overarching goal of accelerating technological innovations involving these materials. The project focuses specifically on colloidal ternary, quaternary, and doped haloperovskite-type semiconductor nanocrystals, including mixed-metal elpasolites, and colloidal ternary, alloyed, and doped chalcopyrite-type nanocrystals, including CuInS2. These materials offer timely new opportunities to access unprecedented physical properties with technological value. This project is also advancing the chemistries and physical understanding of lead- and cadmium-free semiconductor nanocrystals that may ultimately replace well-known systems based on these ions as workhorses in future technologies. Overall, this project is yielding new materials, new fundamental knowledge, advanced training for participants, and ultimately new materials platforms for future energy conversion, information processing, sensing, and other optoelectronic technologies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.