EAGER Collaborative Research: Testing a new sensor for short term and long term measurement of heat flow in lakes

这个项目将开发一种新的探测器来测量从湖泊地下流出的热量。该探测器将克服目前的限制：(1)实现视觉选址，以便研究人员了解探测器在湖底环境中的位置和方式，并精确定位重要的湖底特征，如气体渗漏和化学合成群落；(2)提供实时数据以评估数据质量和现场评估；(3)监测可能由湖温变化引起的温度随时间的变化。探测器将在加利福尼亚州的莫诺湖进行部署和测试。莫诺湖是该地区最年轻的火山爆发地。然而，目前还没有对湖内的热流进行测量，以限制最近的火山活动和火山危害。这些测量结果可能揭示了连接地下和地球表面火山爆发的岩浆体的范围。这个项目将被整合到一个夏令营中，让20名学生参与测量活动和数据解释。这个项目提供了一个测试新仪器的机会，这些仪器将在广泛的设置中有用。原型地球物理探测器，被称为LTMP（湖泊热监测探测器），由一个紧凑（1-3米长），轻量级（20公斤），安装有摄像机的lister型热流探测器组成，设计用于仅由两人在湖底的小型（约5米）船上部署。该探测器将为选址提供实时湖底视频，并在长达一年的时间内实时监测地下温度，并不断将数据传回研究人员。如果新的探测器工作，它将提供一个新的高分辨率的工具来测量热流和流体流动的变化在复杂的地质环境，如火山口湖，揭示热流在湖下是如何耦合到其他地质系统和危害（例如，大气，地下水，火山，地震）。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project will develop a new probe to measure the amount of heat coming out of the ground beneath lakes. The probe will overcome current limitations by (1) enabling visual site selection so that researchers know where and how the probe is placed in the lake floor environment and pin-point important lake floor features such as gas seeps and chemosynthetic communities, (2) providing real-time data to assess data quality and site evaluation, and (3) monitoring temperature changes over time that might arise from changes in lake temperature. The probe will be deployed and tested in Mono Lake, California. Mono Lake has hosted the youngest volcanic eruptions in the region. There are, however, currently no heat flow measurements within the lake to constrain recent volcanic activity and volcanic hazards. The measurements may reveal the extent of magma bodies that connect the subsurface to the volcanic eruptions seen at Earth’s surface. This project will be integrated into a summer field camp so that 20 students can participate in the measurement campaign and data interpretation. This project provides an opportunity to test new instrumentation that would be useful in a broad range of settings. The prototype geophysical probe, called the LTMP (Lake Thermal Monitoring Probe) consists of a compact (1-3 m long), lightweight (20 kg), camera-mounted Lister-type heat flow probe designed for deployment by only two people on a small (~5 m) vessel in a lake bottom. The probe will be designed to provide both real-time lake floor video for site selection, and real-time subsurface temperature monitoring for up to one year, with data continuously beamed back to researchers. If the new probe works, it will provide a new high-resolution tool for measuring heat flow and fluid flow changes in complex geologic settings like caldera lakes, revealing how heat flow below lakes is coupled to other geosystems and hazards (e.g., the atmosphere, groundwater, volcanoes, earthquakes).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.