The Council of Constance as a European Event. Encounters, Media and Rituals

秋季会议将康斯坦斯会议视为欧洲的一项活动。Konstanzer Arbeitskreis für mittelternliche Geschichte在2011年举办的“接触、媒体和仪式”是对之前几次会议的后续行动，探讨了中世纪研究中当前的专题联络点和方法，这将使学者们无法以新的和富有成效的方式分析、描述和评估康斯坦斯理事会的活动。在1964年为纪念Constantiense成立550周年而举行的会议上，会议的重点并不是理事会本身，而是它所处的中世纪晚期世界以及15世纪的政治、社会、教会和知识趋势，随后在2004年举行的“比萨理事会(1409)、康斯坦茨理事会(1414-18年)和巴塞尔理事会(1431-1449年)”给予了发展中机构以及代理商及其个人网络特别的关注。鉴于即将到来的600周年纪念，有理由最终集中于安理会本身，而不仅仅是康斯坦茨市的行动。相反，承认事件的欧洲层面似乎是强制性的。分析欧洲大国和理事会之间的关系是绝对必要的。特别注意伊比利亚半岛和西欧作为联盟谈判的突出背景的作用，这不应再被视为次要场景或政治边缘。显然，有必要整合远离康斯坦斯的交易，但同时与聚集在那里的高级教士不断交流。在这方面，最近关于外交史的出版物产生了有益的新方法。总体而言，该书主要关注的是寻求对康斯坦斯委员会进行评估的方法，这适用于中世纪教会历史的持续趋势以及对Conciliarism的研究。因此，康斯坦斯会议将被视为与最近的政治史一致的政治事件，关键字为“相遇、媒体和仪式”。因此，可以包括各国和各领域的关切和议程、安理会的长期影响以及外部刺激。交流的历史前提与外交上、辩论上和经济上有关的所有各方的实际行动都是有意义的。作为政治传播媒体和仪式公共层面的重要因素，应考虑口头话语和通信、布道和音乐、手稿和文本的传播以及主题和个人的有形和象征性存在。

The autumnal conference ‘The Council of Constance as a European Event. Encounters, Media and Rituals’ held by the Konstanzer Arbeitskreis für mittelalterliche Geschichte in 2011 followed up on several preceding meetings and explored the current thematic focal points and methodological approaches in Medieval Studies, which will inable scholars to analyse, describe and assess the events of the Council of Constance in new and fruitful ways.The volume publishing the results of this conference therefore concentrates on fields of research, which have not been thoroughly attended to yet. Whereas the conference held in honor of the 550th anniversary of the Constantiense in 1964 did not focus on the Council itself, but rather on the late medieval world in which it took place and the political, social, ecclesiastical, and intellectual trends of the 15th century, the following meeting in 2004 ‘The Councils of Pisa (1409), Konstanz (1414-18) and Basel (1431-1449)‘ bestowed special interest on developing institutions as well as agents and their personal networks. In light of the forthcoming 600th anniversary it stood to reason to finally concentrate on the council itself but not solely on the actions in the city of Constance. Instead, it seemed mandatory to recognise the European dimension of events. It is absolutely essential to analyse the relations between European powers and the council. Special attention has been given to the Iberian Penisula and the role of Western Europe as a prominent setting for union negotiations, which should no longer be regarded as secondary scenes or political periphery. The necessity has become apparent to integrate dealings taking place afar from Constance, but at the same time in constant exchange with the prelates assembled there. In this regard, recent publications on the history of diplomacy yield helpful new approaches. On the whole the books main concern is to seek approaches towards an assessment of the Council of Constance, which apply to ongoing trends in medieval ecclesiastical history as well as research on conciliarism. Accordingly, the Council of Constance is to be appreciated as a political occurrence in line with the more recent political history under the keywords „Encounters, Media and Rituals“. The nations’ and realms’ concerns and agendas, the council’s long range effects as well as external stimuli can thus be comprised. Historical preconditions of communication are of interest no less than the actual operations of all involved diplomatically, argumentatively an economically. As important factors of the public dimensions of political communication media and rituals are to be considered, such as the spoken word and correspondences, preaching and music, the diffusion of manuscripts and texts as much as the physical and emblematic presence of subject-matters and individuals.