Remote Sensing of precipitation (RS)

降水是最重要的气候要素之一，它将复杂的大气过程与水文循环、积雪和冰川和冰盖的物质平衡联系在一起。降水是水资源管理和预防洪水、干旱等自然灾害的关键变量。这一点尤其适用于拟建项目的研究区域，该区域包括高亚洲地区，即青藏高原及其周围的高山山脉。prime内部的研究旨在根据新的遥感数据和先进的数值模拟方法生成和验证改进的网格化降水数据集。在此基础上，我们研究了时空格局和区域特定边界条件、大尺度驱动因素和中尺度到局地尺度过程控制降水变率（ii）。精度的提高和对降水类型和变率的更好认识使我们能够扩展对高亚洲不同次区域冰川质量平衡和季节性积雪的时空变化的理解（iii）。提出的子项目降水遥感（prime-RS）的目的是利用2001 - 2018年的卫星数据检索青藏高原的高时空分辨率降水信息。除了降水信息的检索外，一个主要的重点是作为青藏高原冰川平衡和水循环主要参数的固体降水的检索。为了以尽可能高的精度提供上述长期降水时间序列，我们将结合第一代和第二代卫星数据。开发的基于卫星的降水产品将受益于一种创新的交叉验证，该交叉验证结合了柏林大学提供的青藏高原高分辨率再分析数据和柏林大学提供的详细积雪清单。因此，该子项目将提供一个新的系统，以高时空分辨率观测高亚洲地区大气-水-冰冻圈相互作用，适合捕捉水平衡的跨尺度效应。对新的高分辨率降水数据集和改进的高分辨率再分析数据集（TU Berlin）的详细分析将提供对高亚洲降水过程及其如何受跨尺度大气环流动力学控制的新见解。

Precipitation is one of the most important climate elements linking complex atmospheric processes with hydrological cycles, snow cover and mass balances of glaciers and ice caps. Precipitation is a key variable for water resource management and prevention of natural disasters such as floods and droughts. This particularly holds true for the study region of the proposed project bundle prime which encompasses High Asia, i.e., the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding high-mountain ranges. Research within prime aims at generating and validating improved gridded precipitation data sets relying on new remote sensing data and advanced numerical modelling approaches (i). Based on this we investigate spatial and temporal patterns and region-specific boundary conditions, large-scale drivers and meso- to local-scale processes controlling precipitation variability (ii). The improved accuracy and better knowledge on precipitation type and variability allow extending our understanding of spatial and temporal variations of glacier mass balances and seasonal snow covers in different sub-regions of High Asia (iii). The aim of the proposed sub-project Remote sensing of precipitation (prime-RS) is the retrieval of precipitation information in a high spatio-temporal resolution over the Tibetan Plateau by means of satellite data for the period 2001 to 2018. Besides the retrieval of rainfall information one major focus is the retrieval of solid precipitation as a major parameter for glacier balances and the water cycle over the Tibetan Plateau. To provide the mentioned long-term precipitation time series with the highest possible accuracy we will combine first and second generation satellite data. The developed satellite-based precipitation products will benefit from an innovative cross-validation which incorporates high resolution reanalysis data over the Tibetan Plateau from TU Berlin together with detailed snow inventories provided by HU Berlin. By this means the proposed sub-project will provide a new system to properly observe atmo-hydro-cryosphere interactions over High Asia at high spatio-temporal resolution, suitable to capture cross-scale effects on the water balance. The detailed analysis of the new high resolution precipitation data set together with the improved high resolution reanalysis data set (TU Berlin) will provide new insights into the precipitation processes in High Asia and how they are governed by cross-scale atmospheric circulation dynamics.