Market inclusion of ecosystem services: A viable option to achieve sustainable land use in the tropics?

生态系统服务的概念将生态系统功能和人类福利联系起来，以实现土地的可持续利用。然而，这一概念的成功将关键取决于提供教育服务的资金来源(可能通过教育服务市场动员)、教育服务价值的可信度以及教育服务提供者接受财政补偿的意愿。我们的提案涉及这些方面：第一部分调查了如果生态系统实际上被承认为经济价值，厄瓜多尔的土地利用将如何变化。我们将使用并开发一种对风险敏感的经济建模方法，以整合ES预期经济价值的不确定性。其目的是探讨生态系统价值的不确定性将如何影响对特定生态系统类型的投资，以及从热带林地到其他土地利用类型的相关转换过程，反之亦然。第二部分是对提供经济补偿的意愿进行调查。在这一部分中，我们采用了一个对风险敏感的生物经济农场模型，该模型结合了各种生产性但可持续的土地管理选择，以适应真实的农场情况。农场层面的模型建立在通过土地使用组合方法从多样化的土地使用中补偿风险的影响上。它将被用来得出可接受的个人，从而有效的保护付款。

The concept of ecosystem services (ES) links ecosystem functioning and human welfare to achieve sustainable land use. However, the success of this concept will critically depend on sources to finance the provision of ES (possibly mobilized by means of markets for ES), on credibility of ES values and on willingness of ES providers to accept financial compensation. Our proposal addresses these aspects: The first part investigates how the land use in Ecuador would change if ES were actually acknowledged as economic values. We will use and develop a risk sensitive economic modeling approach to integrate the uncertainty of expected economic values for ES. The aim is to explore how the uncertainty of ES values would affect investments into specific ecosystem types and the connected conversion processes from tropical forest lands to other land use types and vice versa. The second proposal part investigates the willingness to accept financial compensation for providing ES. In this part we adapt a risk-sensitive bioeconomic farm model that combines various productive but sustainable land management options to real farm situations. The farm level modeling builds upon the effects of risk compensation from diversified land use by means of a land use portfolio approach. It will be used to derive acceptable individual and thus effective conservation payments.