寄生植物における吸器誘導のシグナル伝達系の解明

2021年期间，我鉴定了用吸器诱导化合物（HIF）2，6二甲氧基苯醌（DMBQ）处理后诱导的内源性Phtheirospermum japonicum肽激素。我发现用内源性肽处理日本对虾诱导吸器形成，而不用HIF处理，并诱导已知吸器形成标记基因PjYUC 3的表达。进一步的研究表明，在日本血吸虫基因组中还有三种额外的肽激素和六种肽受体。进一步的研究发现，这三种肽中只有一种在DMBQ处理后上调，而DMBQ处理后没有受体上调。本人进一步表征了使用表达报告基因构建体的转化的日本对虾毛状根的肽和受体的表达。我发现在DMBQ处理后，吸器中只有四种肽中的一种和可能的三种受体表达。最后，PLETHORA（PLT）转录因子通过所述肽而在免疫后稳定。使用毛状根转化，我发现DMBQ处理导致PjPLT蛋白质的移动到根部，并且该PjPLT定位于吸器中。

During 2021, I identified endogenous Phtheirospermum japonicum peptide hormones that are induced upon treatment with the haustorium inducing compound (HIF) 2,6 dimethoxybenzoquinone (DMBQ). I found that treatment of P. japonicum with an endogenous peptide induced haustorium formation without the treatment of an HIFs and induced expression of the known haustorium formation marker gene PjYUC3. Further investigation revealed that there are three additional putative peptide hormones in the P. japonicum genome and six putative peptide receptors. Further investigation found that only one of those three peptides is up-regulated following DMBQ treatment while none of the receptors are up-regulated following DMBQ treatment. I further characterized the expression of the peptides and receptors using transformed P. japonicum hairy roots expressing reporter gene constructs. I found that only one of the four peptides and potentially three of the receptors are expressed in the haustorium following DMBQ treatment. Lastly, PLETHORA (PLT) transcription factors are stabilized post-translationally by the peptides. Using hairy root transformation, I found that DMBQ treatment resulted in movement of a PjPLT protein up the root and that this PjPLT localized in the haustorium.