社会的な情報が知覚判断に及ぼす効果の検討

本研究的主要目的是回答这个问题。在本研究中，我们收集了功能磁共振成像数据，而参与者正在执行修改后的随机点运动任务。实验设置和指导诱使他们相信他们的任务和他们的合作伙伴的任务是同步的。因此，我们能够向他们展示合作伙伴对每个刺激的答案。参与者观察相同的刺激两次，并作出两次判断。一个刺激出现在之前，另一个刺激出现在得到同伴的答案或随机答案之后。我们训练分类器来识别V1，V2，V3和MT中的神经模式，而每个模式对应于参与者感知的一个移动方向，然后使用分类器来测试当参与者表现出对合作伙伴或随机答案的一致性时，神经模式是否相同或不同。结果表明，当被试将答案从“向右移动”改为“向左移动”时，V1、V3和MT的神经模式从“右模式”变为“左模式”，反之亦然。因此，我们的研究结果表明，人们在视觉感知任务中表现出社会从众的原因之一是因为社会影响渗透到早期的感知过程中，它使人们的感知不同。

The main goal of the present study was to answer this question. In the present study, we collected fMRI data while participants were performing a modified random dot motion task. The experimental setting and the instruction lured them into believing that their task and their partner's task were synchronised. Therefore, we were able to show them partner's answer to each stimulus. Participants observed the same stimulus twice and made the judgements twice as well. One stimulus appeared before, and another one appeared after receive the partner's answer or the random answer. We trained classifier to identify neural patterns in V1, V2, V3, and MT while each pattern corresponds to one moving direction participants perceived and then used the classifier to test whether neural patterns were the same or different in trials when participants showed conformity to partner or to random answer. The results showed that when participants change their answer from 'moving right' to 'moving left', the neural patterns in V1, V3 and MT changed from the 'right pattern' to the 'left pattern', and vice versa. Therefore, our results suggest that one of the reasons why people show social conformity in a visual perception task is because social influence penetrate early perception processes, and it makes people perceive differently.