An ethnographic study of fandom communities in Japan and US

这项研究旨在揭开日本和美国极端粉丝和专家的亚文化之一，他们真正进入漫画和动漫的数字内容。日本是许多业余同行生产活动的发源地。Fandom是一个以年轻人为主的利基市场，以DIY和反商业的数字创作道德为基础。虽然没有正式的评价和等级制度，但粉丝们对自己作品的质量标准有着高度的意识。粉丝圈活动和粉丝专用的在线网络是交流信息和相互学习消费和生产的宝贵场所。在这项研究中，我讨论了各种文化实践的基础上，我们与日本和美国球迷的采访和实地考察的球迷社区的特点。本文将从以下几个方面进行详细的论述：（1）同人圈文化中的横向学习，作为一种野火式的活动;（2）同人圈文化中的经济消费与非商业性交换的关系。

This study seeks to demystify one of a subculture of extreme Japanese and US fans and mavens known as Fandom who get really into digital contents from manga and anime. Japan is home to numerous amateur peer productive events. Fandom is a youth-dominated niche grounded in a DIY and anticommercial ethic of digital creation. Although not characterized by formal forms of evaluation and hierarchy, fandom people, are highly conscious of quality standards for their productions. Fandom events and dedicated online networks for fans are a valuable venue for exchanging information and learning from each other about consumption and production. In this study, I discuss various cultural practices characterizing the fandom community based on our interviews with Japanese and US fan people and fieldwork. I will discuss in detail the following aspects: (1)horizontal learning in fandom culture as wildfire activities (2)relationship of economic consumption and non-commercial exchange among fandom culture.