「DEVELOPMENT OF A STEREOTAXIC DEVICE USING SOFT X-RAY FLUOROGRAPY」

为了在各种实验动物物种中进行精确的脑立体定位，本项目改进了一种带有软X射线的设备。该装置高1700 mm，宽2000 mm，深度1150 mm，可在脑手术过程中在监视器上观察到动物头部的透视，从而大大提高了脑立体定位的效率和准确性。它由X射线发生器、动物位置调整运动、X射线相机、保护操作者免受X射线照射的钢罩、增强透视图像处理器、生成三维标准轴的个人计算机、彩色监视器、用于颅内手术的微操作器及其液压驱动系统组成。动物被放置在由远程驱动系统控制的运动I和II上的一个手术台上。通过运动I可以在三维(X、Y和Z)以及俯仰(Alpha)和滚动(Beta)的方式下调整位置，动物的头部可以放置在X射线源和相机之间最合适的位置。然后，动物和电极可以通过运动II一起移动。通过将运动II旋转90度，可以观察到动物头部的侧视和正视。视频信号由视频处理器处理，可以提高透视的清晰度。垂直和水平标准轴线由个人计算机生成，叠加在动物头部的透视照片上，并在彩色监视器上一起观察。通过在头骨的适当结构处定义立体定位零，可以迭代地访问大脑中的任何位置。

For accurate brain stereotaxy in various experimental animal species, a device with soft X- rays was improved in this project. The fluorography of the animal head can be observed on a monitor during the brain operation, so that the efficacy and accuracy of the brain stereataxy can be greatly improved.The device is 1700 high, 2000 wide and 1150 in depth (mm). It is composed of the X-ray generator, movements for adjustment of animal position, X-ray camera, steel shield for protection of the operator from x-ray irradiation, image processor for enhancement of fluorography, a personal computer for generation of three dimensional standard axes, color monitor, micromanipulators for intracranial operation and their hydraulic driving systems.The animal is placed an a operation stage on the Movements I and II which are controlled by remote drive systems. By movement I, which can adjust the position in three dimensions (X,Y and Z) and pitching (alpha) and rolling (beta) manners, the animal head can be placed in the most appropriate position between the X-ray source and the camera. Then the animal and electrode can be moved altogether by the Movement II. By rotating the Movement II in 90 degrees, lateral and frontal views of the animal head can be observed. The videosignals are processed by a video processor and the clarity of the fluorography can be enhanced. Vertical and horizontal standard axes are generated by a personal computer, superimposed onto the fluorography of the animal head and observed on a color monitor altogether. By defining the stereotaxic zero at an appropriate structure in the skull, any position in the brain can be accessed itereotaxically.