The Effect of Gut Hormone on the Digestive Enzyme Secretion in Chickens

1)在胆囊收缩素（CCK）存在的情况下，通过翅静脉注射氨基酸混合物或选定氨基酸组合，研究氨基酸给药对胰腺消化酶、淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶原和糜凝胰蛋白酶原分泌的影响。由此可见，苏氨酸（Thr）和苯丙氨酸（Phe）同时给药可能对雏鸡胰腺酶的分泌有特定的调节作用。2)研究了Phe对雏鸡胰淀粉酶分泌的影响。在CCK缺失或存在的情况下，Phe对胰淀粉酶分泌没有刺激作用。酪氨酸（Tyr）对淀粉酶分泌的影响与苯丙氨酸相似。收集胰淀粉酶1天前，腹腔注射对氯苯丙氨酸（p-CP）或生理盐水，p-CP是苯羟化酶的抑制剂。添加CCK后，两种雏鸡的淀粉酶分泌量均增加，而添加p-CP的雏鸡的淀粉酶分泌量明显降低。3)研究了摄入大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂（SBTI）是否会改变鸡体内CCK的释放。结果表明，SBTI本身以剂量依赖性的方式增加了CCK进入循环的释放。4)研究了饲粮中摄入过量的苯丙氨酸或酪氨酸是否会改变鸡CCK的释放。过量Phe和Tyr饲粮均提高了血浆CCK水平，但过量Phe饲粮延迟了雏鸡的作物排空率。5)为了研究乙酰胆碱（Ach）和小毛蛋白（Cae）对鸡胰腺腺泡细胞的影响，采用体外淀粉酶释放法。乙酰胆碱或Cae的应用引起胰腺过度段淀粉酶释放的剂量依赖性增加。实验前1天分别腹腔注射p-CP或生理盐水。p-CP处理后胰腺重量增大，细胞大小增大。与对照组相比，p-CP处理胰腺段淀粉酶分泌对乙酰胆碱的反应显著降低。少

1) Effect of amino acid administration on the pancreatic secretion of digestive enzyme, amylase, trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen was studied after wing vein injection of an amino acid mixture or combination of selected amino acids in the presence of Cholecystokinin (CCK). It is suggested that threonine (Thr) and phenylalanine (Phe) may have a specific regulatory role in the secretion of pancreatic enzymes in chicks when administered simultaneously. 2) Effect of Phe on the pancreatic amylase secretion in chicks was investigated. Phe did not have stimulatory effect on pancreatic amylase secretion in the absence or presence of CCK. Effect of Tyrosine (Tyr) on amylase secretion was similar to that of Phe. Birds were injected intraperitoneally with p-Chlorophenylalanine (p-CP), which is an inhibitor of Phe hydroxylase, or saline 1 day before the collection of pancreatic amylase. Both the chicks showed increased amylase secretion with CCK, whereas the response was at a drastically reduced r … More ate in chicks with the p-CP. 3) Whether ingestion of soya-bean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI) alters the release of CCK was investigated in chickens. It was concluded that SBTI by itself enhanced CCK release into circulation in a dose-dependent fashion. 4) Whether the ingestion of excess Phe or Tyr in diets alters the release of CCK was investigated in chickens. Plasma CCK levels were enhanced by both Phe and Tyr excess diets, but the crop emptying rate was delayed in chicks administered Phe excess diet. 5) To investigate the actions of Acetylcholine (Ach) and Caerulein (Cae) on acinar cells of the excrine pancreas of chicks, amylase release was measured in vitro. The application of Ach or Cae caused a dose dependent increase in amylase release from the superfused segment of pancreas. Birds were injected intraperitoneally with p-CP or saline 1 day before the experiment. The weight and cell size of pancreas increased by the p-CP treatment. The response of amylase secretion to treated with Ach significantly decreased in the pancreatic segment treated with p-CP, compared with the control. Less