MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR APPROACH FOR THE ANALYSIS ON THE REGULATION OF HYPOTHALAMIC CONTROL AND LATERALIZATION

内分泌器官是由大脑控制的。这种调节分为体液调节和神经源性调节两部分。本研究旨在阐明内分泌细胞对下丘脑神经元的分子和细胞调控作用，特别是在下丘脑中的偏侧化作用。将霍乱毒素应用于周围组织，观察脊髓和神经节内神经元的逆行运输，观察神经元向脊髓的投射和从脊髓的投射。腹根和背根切断引起CGRP、脑啡肽、P物质、5-羟色胺和甘丙肽等化学递质分布的改变。CGRP和P物质免疫反应神经纤维在手术侧根切面明显减少，而脑啡肽、5-羟色胺和甘丙肽免疫反应神经纤维在患侧和对侧均无明显变化。将胎儿或新生儿期的脊髓移植到眼前房内，在隔离条件下观察其递质的变化。在此条件下，免疫反应神经纤维的分布模式发生了两种类型的变化，有些纤维与对照组有不同的分布，有些则没有。类固醇激素受体阳性细胞分布于下丘脑，尤其是视前区。长期给予雌激素后，视前区CGRP和脑啡肽免疫反应神经纤维数量显著增加，这些细胞的胞核内含有雌激素受体。相反，多巴胺能神经元在视前区的免疫反应纤维数量明显减少。我们建立了培养系统，现在试图研究类固醇激素对体外培养的下丘脑神经元的影响。

Endocrine organs are regulated by the control of the brain. This regulation is classified into two parts, humoral and neurogenic. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the molecular and cellular control of hypothalamic neurons the endocrine cells, particularly emphasized on the role of lateralization in the hypothalamus. To investigate the neuronal projection to and from the spinal cord, cholera toxin was applied to the peripheral tissues and retrograde transport to the neurons in the spinal cord and ganglia was visualized. Ventral and dorsal roots sections induced the changes of the distribution of chemical transmitter substances, such as CGRP, enkephalin, substance P, serotonin and galanin. CGRP-and substance P-immunoreactive nerve fibers were significantly decreaseat the operated side by the root section, whereas enkephalin-,serotonin-,and galanin-immunoreactive nerve fibers did not show any changes ispilaterally as well as contralaterally. Spinal cords from the fetus or neonatal period were transplanted into the anterior chamber of the eye, and the changes of the transmitter substances were observed in a isolated condition. In this condition, there were two types of the changes in the distributional pattern of immunoreactive nerve fibers; some fibers showed different distribution compared to the control, but some did not. Steroid hormone receptor-containing cells were distributed in the hypothalamus, particularly in the preoptic area. Long term treatment of estrogen induced significant increase of the number of CGRP-and enkephalin-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the preoptic area, and these cells contained estrogen-receptor in their nucleus. On the contrary, dopaninergic neurons showed an apparent decrease of the number of immunoreactive fibers in the preoptic area. We developed the culture system, and now trying to investigate the effect of steroid hormone on the hypothalamic neurons in vitro.