Experimental approach to analyze dynamic travel behavior so as to develop advanced traffic information system

近年来，由于交通拥堵的日益严重和电力信息通信技术的不断提高，向驾驶员提供交通信息被认为是促进道路网络有效利用和缓解交通拥堵的可能策略之一。但由于出行行为、交通流和实时交通信息之间相互关系的复杂性，提供交通信息对交通状况的影响尚未得到证实。因此，本研究项目试图建立能够明确描述这种相互关系并评估提供信息影响的动态网络仿真系统。该系统主要包括三个子模型：路线选择模型、动态交通流模型和信息模型。在本项目中，我们采用实验分析的方法，反复要求参与者进行假设的路线选择，以分析驾驶员在实时交通信息下的路线选择机制。本项目将基于本实验结果的路径选择模型与课题组开发的动态交通流模型集成到动态网络仿真系统中。在这个研究项目中，司机被分为三组：一组是固定路线的司机，一组是只根据自己的旅行经验选择路线的潜水员，一组是有实时信息的司机。通过在小型网络上的数值实验，验证了该系统性能的有效性。通过这个研究项目获得了以下有用的知识。1)随着驾驶员交通信息构成比例的增大，所有驾驶员的平均出行时间减小；然而，向有信息的司机提供信息所产生的直接价值减少了。提供低质量的信息很有可能会使交通状况恶化。少

In recent years, because traffic congestion tends to be more serious and electric information and communication technology is kept on improving, providing drivers traffic information is regarded as one of possible strategies to facilitate the efficient use of road network and relieve traffic congestion. But because of complexity of interrelation between travel behavior, traffic flow and real time traffic information, the effect of providing traffic information on traffic condition has not been confirmed yet.Therefore this research project attempts to build the dynamic network simulation system that can explicitly describe this interrelation and estimate influences of providing information. This system consists of three main sub-models : route choice model, dynamic traffic flow model and information model. In this project, we conduct the experimental analysis approach in which participants are repeatedly asked for their hypothetical route choices to analyze the route choice mechanisms o … More f drivers with real-time traffic information. This project integrates the route choice model based on the results of this experiment and the dynamic traffic flow model developed by this research group into the dynamic network simulation system.In this research project, drivers are divided into three groups : a group of drivers with fixed route, a group of divers who choose their routes based on their travel experiences only and a group of driver with real-time information. A few cases of numerical experiments on small network are conducted so as to test the validity of this system performance. The following useful knowledge is obtained through this research project. 1)As the component ratio of drivers with traffic information becomes larger, the average travel time for all the drivers decreases ; the direct merit caused by providing information to drivers with information, however, decreases. 2)There is strong possibility that providing information of which quality is low makes traffic condition worse. Less