Human cytomegalovirus infection and anti-receptor antibody

在本研究中，我们发现先天性巨细胞病毒感染患者的血清中，含有单抗HN*1反应性碳水化合物表位的硫代葡萄糖醛酸鞘糖脂(SGGL)抗体滴度升高。SGPG在其nLC4*的非还原末端含有硫酸葡萄糖醛酸，SGLPG具有类似的结构，但增加了乳糖胺单元。有趣的是，CMV感染患者的血清对SGLPG的反应性高于SGPG，这一独特的特异性*不同于其他HNK-1相关抗体。硫脂偶联辛基琼脂糖柱和肝素琼脂糖色谱柱均可吸附抗硫脂抗体和抗SG*抗体，而抗硫酸酯GL抗体的吸附不会降低CMV特异性免疫球蛋白抗体的滴度。这些结果提示，CMV感染可能特异性地诱导产生针对硫酸盐酸盐的抗体，而这些抗体不同于CMV特异性抗体。然后，我们研究了这些抗体是否是针对CMV感染引起的宿主细胞糖结合模式的改变而产生的。结果表明，纯化的HNK-1抗体可与HCMV阳性和阴性抗原结合。用亲和层析法从患者血清中部分纯化的抗SGGL抗体也可与这两种抗原结合，但反应性低于抗HCMV抗体。这些结果表明，HNK-1表位的表达水平不受HCMV感染的影响，并且含有HNK-1表位的t*糖结合物也存在于HCMV允许细胞中。此外，在病毒接种前用HCMV允许细胞对纯化的HNK-1抗体进行预处理，抑制了HCMV空斑的形成，提示宿主细胞中含有HNK-1糖表位的糖偶联物在HCMV感染过程中具有特殊的作用。

In the present study we found that sera from patients with congenital CMV infection showed elevated titers* antibodies against sulfated glucuronyl glycosphingolipids (SGGL), which contain a monoclonal antibody HN* 1 reactive carbohydrate epitope. SGPG contains sulfated glucuronic acid on its non-reducing end of nLc4* and SGLPG has a similar structure but with an additional unit of lactosamine. Interesingly the antibodies* CMV infected patients'sera showed a higher reactivity to SGLPG than SGPG.This unique specificity * different from that of other HNK-1 related antibodies. Furthermore both anti-sulfatide and anti-SG* antibodies were absorbed with sulfatide-conjugated octyl-Sepharose column and heparin-Sepharose colur* whereas CMV specific IgG titer was not decreased by the absorption of anti-sulfated GL antibody. Th* results suggested that CMV infection might specifically induce production of antibodies against sulfated (* whereas these antibodies differed from CMV specific antibody.Then we studied whether the antibodies were produced against altered glycoconjugate patterns of host cell* a result of CMV infection. It was found that purified HNK-1 antibody bound to HCMV-positive and -negat* antigens. Anti-SGGL antibodies, which were partially purified from patient's sera by affinity chromatograp* also bound to both antigens, whereas the reactivity was lower than that of anti-HCMV antibodies. These res* indicate that a level of the HNK-1 epitope expression was not altered by HCMV infection and also t* glycoconjugates containing HNK-1 epitope were present in HCMV permissive cells. Furthermore, * pretreatment of the purified HNK-1 antibody with HCMV permissive cells prior to virus inoculation inhibi* plaque formation of HCMV,suggesting that the glycoconjugates containing HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope in* host cell have a special role in the process of HCMV infection.