Localization and Kinetics of Neural Transmitters in the Enteric Nervous System. Studies Using Laser Photoooagulations and Immunochemistry.

我们研究了神经再生。用氩离子激光照射豚鼠小肠70天后，用过氧化物酶-抗过氧化物酶复合物免疫组织化学方法，观察到直径约0.5mm的圆形激光损伤和肠神经丛两种主要细胞类型的再生特征。即肠神经元含有神经肽，如甲硫氨酸-脑啡肽-Arg^6-Gly^7-Leu^8（Enk^<-8>）、肽-组氨酸-异亮氨酸（PIII）。激光照射后立即检测肠神经胶质细胞P物质（SP）、生长抑素（SM）和神经组织蛋白S-100 b（S-100 b蛋白）的含量。肠神经丛的组织学结构几乎保持完整。尽管神经元和神经胶质细胞都凝固并死亡。神经肽和S-100 b蛋白在神经元和胶质细胞成分中的免疫反应也大部分保留。了3 ...更多信息 激光照射后3 h，神经残端内神经肽免疫反应性明显增多。细胞碎片，含有神经肽/S-100 b蛋白，逐渐从病变3天。由于神经元突起中的神经肽是通过快速的顺行轴突流从胞体中转运出来的，因此早期在病变口侧边缘的神经肽的积累表明神经元突起是向口-肛方向投射的，反之亦然，推测在肌间神经丛中，Enk-8和SP神经元都向口-肛方向投射突起;而PHI和SM神经元主要在口-肛方向发出信息。在深肌丛（Deep muscular plexus，DRG），Enk-8和SP神经元呈环状走行。在粘膜下神经丛中，PHI、SP和SM神经元的投射均匀地指向各个方向，激光照射后3 ~ 10天，损伤区神经元胞体的神经肽免疫反应明显增强。这种现象被解释为肠神经元的逆行变性模式。在15至70天，再生的神经丛完全遍布激光损伤的瘢痕组织。然而，在受损的神经节中不存在神经细胞体。在再生的神经丛中，通过有丝分裂增殖的胶质细胞支持和引导从损伤周围神经节中存活的神经元胞体延伸的神经纤维。这表明，在非实验条件下，在肠神经丛中，在自主神经基础丛的持续重塑过程中，激光损伤中的特征性神经元/神经胶质细胞相互作用也可能发生。少

We investigated nerve regeneration. following lesion forming Argon ion laser irradiation in the guinea-pig small intestine by immunohistochemistry using peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex techniques over a time course of up to 70 days.Round laser-lesions about 0.5mm in diameter were produced and the regenerative features of the two major cell types of the enteric nerve plexuses. i.e. enteric neurons containing neuropeptide by such as methionine-enkephalin-Arg^6-Gly^7-Leu^8 (Enk^<-8>).Peptide-hisbydine-isoleucine (PIII). substance P (SP) and somatostatin (SM) together with tby enteric glial cells containing nerve tissue protein S 100b (S-100b protein by were examined.Immediately after the laser irradiation. the histological structure of the enteric nerve plexuses remained almost intact. though both neuronal and glial cells were coagulated and dead. The immunoreactivities for neuropeptides and S-100b proteins in the neuronal and glial elements respectively were also mostly preserved. By 3 … More hrs after the laser irradiatio, a conspicuous accumulation of immunoreactivities to neuropeptides occurred in the severed nerve stumps. The cellular debris, containing neuropeptides/S-100b protein, were gradually removed from the lesion by 3 days. Since neuropeptides in the neuronal processes are transported from the cell body by the fast anterograde axonal flow, an early accumulation of neuropeptides on the oral edge of the lesion indicates that the neurons project processes in the oro-anal direction, and vice versa.It was deduced that, in the myenteric plexus, both Enk-8 and SP neurons issued both orally and anally directed processes; whereas, PHI and SM neurons sent processes mainly in the oro-anal direct-ion. In the deep muscular plexus (DMP), Enk-8 and SP neurons ran circularly. In the submucous plexus, projections of PHI, SP and SM neurons were directed evenly in all directions.Neuropeptide immunoreactivities of the axotomized nerve cell bodies in the area surrounding the lesion became strikingly stronger 3 to 10 days after laser irradiation. This phenomenon was interpreted as a mode of retrograde degeneration of the enteric neurons. At 15 to 70 days, regenerated nerve plekuses completely spread over the scar tissue of the laser lesion. No nerve cell body, however, existed in the lesioned ganglia. In the regenerated nerve plexus, the glial cells, which proliferated by mitosis, supported and guided the nerve fibers which extended from the survived neuronal cell bodies in the ganglia around the lesion. This suggests that the characteristic neuron/glial cell interactions in the laser lesion might also occur daring the continuous remodeling of the autonomic groundplexus under non-experimental conditions in the enteric nerve plexuses. Less