Historical Research on the Ideas of Equal Pay-England and America

我得出了这三点的结论1)长期以来，人们一直在质疑为什么女性的工资一直低于男性。许多政治经济学家，如亚当·斯密，在他们的经济理论中对工资标准做出了解释。在19世纪末的英国，关于男女工资不平等的明确理论与J·S·米尔等经济学家一起登上了舞台。与此同时，一种按性别分工的思想也出现了。维多利亚时期英格兰的一些上层工人阶级已经意识到了这一点。男人必须挣他的家庭工资，但女人不应该拿到她的家庭工资，因为她是由男人供养的家庭成员。这种不平等工资的思想典型地体现在J.S.密尔于1869.2出版的《女性的受制》中。同工同酬的思想来自女权主义者。夏洛特·珀金斯·吉尔曼的《妇女与经济学》是第一本关于妇女同工同酬思想的书，出版于1898年，名为america…更多。她不仅主张妇女的投票权，而且主张妇女作为受薪工人工作的权利。这意味着女性，尤其是已婚女性的经济独立。它应该随着家务劳动的社会化而具体化。关于实现家务劳动社会化的途径，她认为最好的办法是在发展社会分工的基础上，通过家务劳动的商品化来实现。3)本研究可能着眼于资本主义社会的历史进程，寻找实现妇女同工同酬的途径。考虑这个问题最重要的关键词之一就是“劳动女性化”。“游说女性化”的概念必然会导致家庭解体的想法。虽然日本的我的公司制度以其残酷和工作狂的制度而闻名，但它只能与由一名男性养活的我的家家庭制度共存。它不能同时存在同工同酬的想法。当然，实现男女平等的直接而陡峭的道路，可以在资本主义国家的女性化和家庭解体的过程中找到。较少

I come to the conclusion of those three points.1) It has a long history of question why women's wage has been lower than men's one. Many political economists like Adam Smith offered explanations on the standard of wage in their economic theory. In the late 19th century's England, a definite theory on unequal wage between man and woman come onstage with such economists as J.S.Mill. It was the same time that an ideology of the division of labor by sex had appeared on the scene. Some upper working-class people in Victorian Engaland had been caught with this idea. A man has to earn his family wage, but a woman should not get her family wage, because she is to be a family member supported by man. This idea of unequal wage is typically found in The Subjection of Women by J.S.Mill, which was published in 1869.2) The ideas of equal wage come from feminists. Women and Economics by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is the first book on the idea of equal wage for women, which is published in 1898, America … More . She asserted not only women's right to vote but also women's right to work as paid workers. This means economic independence for women, especially for married women. It shall be materialized with the socialization of house work. Concerinig with the way to realize the socialization of house work, she concluded the best way was through commercialization of house work based on developing the division of labor in society.3) This inquiry might be focused on the historical process of capitalist society, finding the way to realiz the 'equal pay' for women. One of the most important key words is the 'feminization of labor' to consider it. The concept of 'feminization of lobour' must lead to the idea of disintegration of family. Though Japanese my company system is famous for its cruel and workaholic system, it could only coexist with my-home family system supported by a single male earner. It cannot exist together equal pay idea. The direct but steep way to the equal wage, of course, to realize equality between women and men, could be found in the process of 'feminization of women' and the disintegration of family in capitalist countries. Less