THE ROLE OF CYTOKINES FOR MAINTENANCE OF PREGNANCY

滋养层细胞上存在多种细胞因子受体，浸润到蜕膜中，蜕膜中产生多种细胞因子。在本研究中，我们研究了这些细胞因子对体外滋养层细胞的生理作用，发现M-CSF，SCF，HGF和EGF促进滋养层细胞的生长。有趣的是，这些细胞因子的受体都含有酪氨酸激酶结构域。这一发现表明酪氨酸激酶在滋养层细胞生长中的重要性。EGF和M-CSF促进细胞分化，SGF抑制细胞分化，HGF对细胞分化无明显影响。换句话说，我们已经阐明，酪氨酸激酶是促进滋养层细胞生长的共同途径，但诱导分化的信号转导途径是复杂多样的。在本研究中，我们还阐明了多种细胞因子的产生， ...更多信息 CD 16-CD 56 ^<bright>NK细胞在妊娠早期的蜕膜中显著增殖。其中M-CSF对原胚细胞的生长和分化有促进作用。由于已经报道了IL-8的血管生成作用，因此可以预期其在植入时参与血管生成。流产小鼠CBA*DBA_2给予GM-CSF后，流产率下降。因此，由decicual CD 16 ^-CD 56 ^ NK细胞分泌的GM-CSF<bright>似乎在植入中起一定作用。由于IFN和TNF α促进了MHC I类分子的表达，并可能受到NK细胞的保护。由蜕膜NK细胞和滋养层细胞产生的TGF β抑制蜕膜T细胞产生IL-2，并似乎保护原细胞免受NK细胞的攻击，因此TGF β有助于维持妊娠。总之，细胞因子通过调节免疫系统和促进着床点滋养层细胞的功能来维持妊娠。少

Varieties of cytokine receptors are present on trophoblast infiltraing into the decidua, and many cytokines are produced in the decidua. In the present study, we examined physiological effects of these cytokines on the trophoblast in vitro, and found that growth of the trophoblast was accelerated with M-CSF,SCF,HGF and EGF.Interestingly, all of the receptors for these cytokines contain a tyrosine kinase domain in themselves. This finding indicates the importance of tyrosine kinase in the growth of the trophoblast. On the other hand, it was concluded that EGF and M-CSF promote the differentiation, SGF suppresses thedifferentiation on the contraray, and HGF dose not affect the differentiation atall. In other words, it was clarified that tyrosine kinase is used as a common pathway in acceleration of growth of the trophoblast, but different complicated signal transduction pathways for induction of differentiation exist.In the present study, we also clarified production of varieties of cyto … More kinesby CD16-CD56 ^<bright>NK cells that markedly proloferated in the decidua in the early stage of pregnancy. Among them, M-CSF was showm tocontribute to the growth and differentiation of the prophoblast. Since angiogenesis effect of IL-8 has been reported, its participation in angiogenesis at the time of implantation can be expected. When GM-CSF was administrered to abortive mice, CBA*DBA_2, the abortion rate decreased. Hence, GM-CSF secreted by decicual CD16^- CD56^<bright> NK cells appear to play some role in implantation. Since IFN and TNF alpha promotethe expression of MHC Class I molecule and may have been protected from the attack by NK cells. TGF beta produced by decidual NK cells and trophoblast suppressed production of IL-2 decidual T-cells, and appeared to protect the prophoblast from the attack by NK cells, and as a result TGF beta contribute to maintanence of pregnancy. In summary, cytokines appear to cotribute to the maintanence of pregnancy by controlling the immune system and promoting the function of the trophoblast at the implantation site. Less