Study on production of biologically active substances by immobilized cells

东北红豆杉固定化细胞生产紫杉醇和银杏内酯Nana)和Icho(银杏)。此外，还进行了从嘉拉博库树皮内层分离的赤霉菌生产紫杉醇的研究。从Kyaraboku茎诱导的细胞通过细胞悬浮培养产生紫杉醇。紫杉醇的产量大约是完整植株的一半。然而，通过在细胞培养中添加激发子和生物遗传前体，产量提高了约10个小时。培养的细胞可以用琼脂固定化。固定化细胞将紫杉醇释放到培养基中。紫杉醇释放到培养基中的量约为细胞中紫杉醇产量的60%至80%。固定化细胞持续释放紫杉醇4周。培养基中紫杉醇的释放量为0.3~0.6 mg/L，证实了利用生物反应器生产紫杉醇的可能性。从Kyaraboku的内层树皮中分离到一些根瘤菌。这些真菌可以产生紫杉醇等紫杉烷类物质，但紫杉醇的产量仍在调查中。从银杏种子中提取的细胞通过悬浮培养产生银杏内酯。银杏内酯的产量与完整植株的产量基本相同。添加诱导子和生物前体可使银杏内酯产量提高约5倍。培养的细胞可以用琼脂固定化。固定化细胞将银杏内酯释放到时间培养基中。银杏内酯的释放量约为细胞所产银杏内酯的20%。人们认识到使用生物反应器生产紫杉醇的可能性。

Production of taxol and ginkgolides by immobilized cells from Kyaraboku (Taxus cuspidata var. nana) and Icho (Ginkgo biloba) was conducted. And, production of taxol by pestalotia fungi isolated from inner bark of Kyaraboku was also conducted.1. Cells induced from Kyaraboku stems were produced taxol by cell suspension cultures. The amount of taxol production was about a half compared to those of the intact plant. However, the amount of the production was increased about 10-holds by addition of an elicitor and a biogenetic precursor to the cell cultures.2. Incubated cells could be immobilized with alaginate. The immobilized cells released taxol into medium. The amount of taxol released into the medium was about 60 to 80% of the taxol produced in the cells. The immobilized cells released continually taxol for 4 weeks. The amount of taxol released into the medium was 0.3 to 0.6mg/L.A possiblity for production of taxol by use of a bioreactor was recognized.3. Some pestalotia fungi were isolated from inner bark of Kyaraboku. The fungi could be produced taxanes including taxol, however, the amount of taxol production are under investigation.4. Cells from Ginkgo seeds were produced ginkgolides by cell suspension cultures. The amount of ginkgolides production was almost same as those of the intact plant. The amount of ginkgolides production was increased about 5 times by addition of an elicitor and a biogenetic precursor to the cultures.5. Incubated cells could be immobilized with alaginate. The immobilized cells released ginkgolides into time medium. The amount of ginkgolides released into the medium was about 20% of ginkgolides produced in the cells. A possiblity for production of taxol by use of a bioreactor was recognized.