Molecular Epidemiological studu of Oral and Maxillofacial disorders among the residents of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site Area

从1949年至1989年，在塞米巴拉金斯克核试验场进行了30次地面核武器爆炸、88次大气层核武器爆炸和340次地下核武器爆炸和热核爆炸。本研究的目的是调查在1949-1956年进行最有害的大气层核武器试验时，对类似年龄（<10岁）的严重受照人群和对照人群的颌面部区域的辐射效应。我们发现，在Sarzhal村和Dolon村的受照射人群中，放射性沉降物暴露与因严重牙周炎而导致的高频率牙齿脱落之间存在明显的强相关性。这项研究表明，在严重暴露的人群中，对牙齿脱落的性质进行更详细的分子研究。在筛选的居民从严重暴露的村庄Sarzhal和Dolon的高平均数量的牙齿缺失观察到所有基因型多态性和统计学上没有关联。在受辐射严重的Sarzhal村和Dolon村，居民因严重牙周炎而牙齿脱落的频率很高，这可能与有害的环境影响有关，包括电离辐射。因子A的显著性（p<0.001），这意味着Sarzhal、Dolon和Kokpekty人口的环境差异程度;来自暴露村庄和对照村庄的居民的相同种族、口腔卫生、营养和吸烟习惯也支持这一结论。来自受照村庄Sarzhal和Dolon的居民可能被视为因辐射照射而牙齿脱落频率高的风险人群，需要对他们进行进一步的后续研究。这项研究表明，在SNTS周围地区的牙齿疾病的性质更详细的分子研究。

From 1949 to 1989, 30 surface, 88 atmospheric and 340 underground nuclear and thermonuclear explosions of nuclear weapons were carried out at the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (SNTS). The aim of this study was to investigate the radiation effect to the maxillo-facial region in the heavily exposed and control population of similar ages (<10 years old) at the time of most harmful atmospheric nuclear weapons testing in 1949-1956. We have found an apparently strong association between radioactive fallout exposure and the high frequency of tooth loss due to severe periodontitis among the screened population from exposed villages Sarzhal and Dolon. This study suggests more detailed molecular research of the nature of tooth loss in the heavily exposed population. In the screened inhabitants from heavily exposed villages Sarzhal and Dolon the high average number of missing teeth was observed in all genotype polymorphisms and statistically were not associated. The high frequency of tooth loss due to severe periodontitis among the inhabitants from the heavily exposed villages Sarzhal and Dolon may be related to the harmful environmental influence, including ionizing radiation. The significance of factor A (p<0.001), which implies the degree of environmental differences in the population from Sarzhal, Dolon and Kokpekty ; the same ethnicity, oral hygiene, nutritional and smoking habit of the inhabitants from the exposed and control villages support this conclusion as well. Inhabitants from the exposed villages Sarzhal and Dolon might be considered as a population at risk for high frequency of tooth loss as a result of radiation exposure and further follow-up study is needed for them. This study suggests more detailed molecular research of the nature of dental disorders in the area surrounding the SNTS.