User-behavior-oriented training in high technology task environment : Development of methodology and training system

这项研究旨在开发一种针对高度复杂或需要高脑力操作的任务的训练方法。该方法包括对受训者在训练过程中的行为进行观察和分析，以便根据受训者的认知特征和自身情况实时选择合适的训练策略。战略。为了达到这一目的，我们开展了以下一系列的研究工作：(1)开发了基于眼动和手术的实时观察方法--一种在手术过程中观察和分析受训者眼动的方法。根据受训者与目标系统交互过程中记录的扩瞳数据，该方法可以检测受训者的惊讶和困惑，从而发现受训者对系统有效支持的需求。(2)基于探索性行为的训练方法的发展讨论并提出了一种从受训者的探索性行为中刻画和提取模式的方法。在对探索行为特征指标进行综述的基础上，提出了一种从实习生探索行为的实时观察中提取模式的方法。通过一系列实验验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。在此基础上，讨论了一种选择合适的培训策略的方法。此外，作为训练效果个体差异的潜在来源，通过实验考察了认知特征对探索性训练效果的影响。(3)有效探索性训练支持方法的发展探讨并提出了一种在探索性训练过程中为受训者提供有效支持的方法。文中还讨论了该方法作为智能培训系统的实现。

This study aimed to develop a training methodology for tasks that are highly complicated or that demand high mental operations. The proposed methodology incorporated observation and analysis of trainee's behavior during the training session in order to select appropriate training strategy in real time according to trainee's cognitive characteristics and own. strategies. To pursue this purpose, a series of research was conducted with the following goals.(1)Development of real time observation method based on eye movements and operationsA method to observe and analyze trainee's eye movements along with operations was developed. Based on the recorded pupil dilation data during the trainee is interacting with the target system, the proposed method could detect trainee's surprise and confusion, and thus trainee's needs for effective support from the system.(2)Development of training methodology based on exploratory behaviorA methodology to characterize and to extract patterns from trainee's exploratory behavior was discussed and proposed. Based on the literature review on the characteristics indices of exploratory behavior, a method to extract patterns from the real time observation of trainee's exploratory behavior was proposed. The proposed method was validated as feasible and effective through a series of experiments. Based on this result, a methodology to select appropriate training strategies was discussed. In addition, as potential source of individual differences in the training effectiveness, cognitive characteristics were investigated in terms of their influence on the effectiveness of exploratory training through an experiment.(3)Development of the methodology to support effective exploratory trainingA method to provide effective support in real time to trainee during exploratory training sessions was discussed and proposed. The implementation of the proposed method as an intelligent training system was also discussed.