The translation of legal and administrative texts in Rhinehessen and the Palatinate Region during the Republic of Mainz and the French period

该项目涉及“美因茨共和国”（1791-1793）和法国统治时期（1798-1814）莱茵黑森州和普法尔茨地区的法律的和行政法规从法语到德语的翻译。这些翻译应该从语言学和翻译研究的角度来分析，它们是法国大革命期间开始的翻译政策的结果，这与这一时期法国语言政策的总体趋势相矛盾，这一政策包括压制各种形式的多种语言。这一翻译政策导致的翻译尚未从语言学和翻译研究的角度对法德语言对进行详细研究。在（法律的）历史和德语语言学领域有一些研究，但到目前为止，还没有从法德翻译史的角度研究语言、翻译和法律的相互依存关系（申请人在DFG资助的两个项目中对法语-荷兰语和法语-意大利语进行了研究）。提交的项目旨在缩小这一研究差距的一部分。它侧重于面向广大公众的文本的翻译，例如法律（包括法律和法律的法典汇编）、法令和公告。由于实际原因，该项目在地理上仅限于美因茨共和国（1792-1793）和蒙通内尔/唐纳斯贝格省（1798-1814）的领土。我们将比较一下普法尔茨地区的朗道镇。朗道自1680年以来一直在法国的管理下，在分析期间属于下莱茵省（北方阿尔萨斯）。本项目的目标如下：1.在现有的法文译成荷兰文和意大利文的翻译数据库的基础上，建立有关翻译的数据库，这是在两个以前由发展基金资助的项目期间实施的。2.描述语言翻译问题及其解决方案（在以下层面：词汇/术语，句法，文本结构，修辞）。3.分析翻译对德国法律和行政语言的发展所起的作用（包括对研究期间前后语料库的比较）。4.翻译政策的文件编制（分析涉及翻译组织的文件）。

This project deals with translations of legal and administrative texts from French into German during the ‘Republic of Mainz’ (1791-1793) and the French period (1798-1814) in Rhinehessen and the Palatinate region. These translations, which shall be analyzed from the perspective of linguistics and translation studies, are the consequence of a translation policy which began during the French Revolution and which contradicts clearly the general tendency of the French linguistic policy of this period, which consisted in the oppression of all forms multilingualism. The translations which result from this translation policy have not yet been studied in detail from the perspective of linguistics and translation studies with regard to the language pair French-German. There are some studies in the fields of (legal) history and German linguistics, but, until now, no studies dealing with the interdependencies of language, translation and law from the perspective of French-German translation history (the applicant carried out studies for the language pairs French-Dutch and French-Italian in the context of two DFG-funded projects). The submitted project aims to close a part of this research gap. It focuses on translations of texts directed to a wide public, e.g. laws (including collections of laws and legal codes), decrees and public announcements. For practical reasons, the project is geographically limited to the territory of the Republic of Mainz (1792-1793) and the Department Mont-Tonnerre / Donnersberg (1798-1814). We will take a comparative look on the town of Landau in the Palatinate region. Landau had been under French administration since 1680 and belonged to the Department Bas-Rhein (Northern Alsace) during the analyzed period. The submitted project has the following goals: 1. Creation of a database of the translations in question on the basis of the existing databases for translations from French into Dutch and Italian, implemented during the two former DFG-funded projects. 2. Description of linguistic translation problems and their solutions (on the following levels: lexicon/terminology, syntax, text structure, rhetoric). 3. Analysis of the role that the translations played for the development of the German language of law and administration (including a comparative look to corpora from before and after the studied period). 4. Documentation of the translation policy (analysis of documents dealing with the organization of translations).