An occupational health approach to prevent the lifestyle-related diseases based on genetic information.

1.对工作人员对肥胖、高血压、糖尿病等生活方式相关疾病的基因分型检测的态度进行了问卷调查。在东北地区的三家工厂工作的约1600名受试者参加了调查。大约90%的受试者回答说，他们想知道检测结果，基因分型是什么时候完成的。考虑到上述基因突变对疾病的贡献尚不清楚，受试者还被问到，如果基因(基因突变)的贡献不清楚，你是否喜欢了解遗传信息。在这道题中，“想知道”的比例降至45%。这意味着，这些结果是由于理解困难和/或害怕知道基因类型所致。因此，有必要阐明遗传信息的有用性和有效性。作为遗传变异意义的实例研究，我们研究了β3肾上腺素能受体基因(ADRB3)突变对脂肪代谢的影响。ADRB3被认为是肥胖的候选基因，因为它抑制脂肪组织中的脂肪分解。我们检测了携带ADRB3基因突变的肥胖者在运动过程中的脂肪代谢。提示ADRB3基因突变可能与运动中的脂肪代谢有关。因此，我们认为有必要根据个体遗传因素制定一套锻炼方案。

1.We conducted a questionnaire survey concerning the workers' attitudes toward genetic typing tests for lifestyle-related diseases including obesity, hypertension and diabetes. About 1600 subjects worked at the three factories in Tohoku area participated. Approximately 90% of the subjects replied "they want to know the test results, when the genetic typing was done." Considering the unknown contributions of the gene mutations on the disease above, the subjects were also asked "whether you like to know the genetic information, if the contribution of the genes (gene mutation) is not clearly elucidated." In this question, the proportion of "want to know" decreased to 45%. The implication is considered that these results are due to the difficulties of understanding and/or the fear of knowing the gene types. Thus it is necessary to elucidate the usefulness and validity of genetic information. It is also necessary to argue the rules to disclose or not to disclose the genetic information.2.As an example study on the significance of genetic variant, we investigated effects of beta3-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB3) mutation on fat metabolism. ADRB3 is considered to be a candidate gene of obesity, because it depress fat decomposition in adipose tissue. We examined the fat metabolism in obese subjects with ADRB3 mutation during exercise. It was suggested that ADRB3 mutation is possibly related to fat metabolism during exercise. Therefore, we thought that it would be necessary to assemble an exercise regimen based on individual genetic factors.