The Effects of Work-Family Balance and Health on Work Environment and Family Responsibility in Nursing with Shift Work.

本研究旨在阐明管理、制度和组织工作环境在轮班工作中对工作-家庭平衡的影响。为了解轮班工人对身心健康的影响，我们以护士为对象进行了调查。调查对象是大都市地区的公立医院、斋世凯医院和红十字会医院。通过工会向候选医院发放问卷，有效问卷为3416人(有效回复率为26.2%)，明确了工作时间、夜班频次、加班次数、老板对劳动的看法、与老板的谈判、工作中的组织氛围等因素对工作-家庭平衡的影响较大。这些都强烈地反映了老板对性别的看法。在与工作-家庭平衡相关的家庭责任状况方面，家庭支持包括夜班托儿制度的存在程度对家庭责任状况有较大影响。考虑到工作环境与家庭责任的关系，提出了工作场所性别问题导致家庭责任状况问题的可能性。由此可见，为了找到维护工作环境、家庭环境和社会环境的方法，与男性和女性保持工作-家庭平衡是迫切和重要的，但我们对工作-家庭平衡的婚姻规则却知之甚少。明确轮班工作对婚姻家庭责任的影响。发展一个有效的支持系统，缓解轮班工作和家庭生活的双重负担，可以解决和改善家庭责任状况的问题。

This study was aimed to clarify the combinations of managerial, institutional and organizational working environment at the shift-work to influence the work-family balance. In order to examine the influence on physical and mental health of shift workers, we conducted the survey targeting nurses. The objects for investigation were the government hospital, the Saiseikai hospital, and Red Cross hospital in the metropolitan area. Question paper was distributed to the candidate hospital through the labor union, and the number of valid response was 3416 persons (the valid response rate : 26.2%).It was clarified that the working hours including night shift frequency and overtime work, the boss's perspective for labor, the negotiation to a boss, the organizational climate at work, etc. had also influenced strongly the work-family balance. These strongly reflected the boss's perspective for gender. About the state of responsibility at family related to the work-family balance, it influenced strongly the degree whether family's supports including the child-care system on night shift existed or not. Considering of the relation between work environment and family responsibility, it was suggested a possibility of the problem of the gender at workplace had caused the problem of the state of the family responsibility at home. From the above, though it was clarified that it is urgent and important to maintain work-family balance with man and woman in order to find out the maintenance method of work environment, family environment, and social environment, we had little understanding of the marital rule about work-family balance. We will clarify the influence of shift work marital family responsibility. Developing an effective support system which eases the dual load of the shift work and the family life, we can solve and improve the problem the state of the family responsibility at home.