Contribution of pineal hormone ; melatonin to the induction of experimental scoliosis in bipedal mice.

除了通过松果体切除术（PINX）诱导鸡脊柱侧凸外，我们以前证明了切除松果体也会导致双足大鼠脊柱侧凸，这可以通过褪黑激素治疗来抑制。使用C57 BL/6 J小鼠与遗传低循环褪黑激素水平，本研究的主要目的是调查是否在C57 BL/6 J小鼠的双足截肢有相同的影响，在松果体切除双足大鼠脊柱畸形。本研究分为两个阶段。第一个实验的目的是确定C57 BL/6 J小鼠品系是否在光暗周期的光和暗阶段期间实际上表现出褪黑激素的血浆浓度和/或松果体含量降低。第二个实验的目的是评估：（i）在C57 BL/6 J小鼠中单独的双足截肢是否会诱导脊柱侧凸，以及（ii）在另一种小鼠品系，即C3 H/HeJ中，PINX与双足截肢是否会诱导脊柱侧凸。 ...更多信息 C57 BL/6 J小鼠的褪黑素合成和分泌的昼夜波动与单独使用双足Ampalone具有相似的效果; C3 H/HeJ小鼠作为对照，与亮相相比，在暗相期间，褪黑素的血浆浓度和松果体含量均显着增加。与此相反，在C57 BL/6 J小鼠的循环水平或松果体的褪黑素含量之间的光和暗阶段没有差异。此外，血浆褪黑激素水平在两个阶段均低于测定的检测限，并且松果体褪黑激素<C3 H/HeJ小鼠中的10%。C57 BL/6 J小鼠40周的双足截肢诱导脊柱侧凸的发生率为64.3%，9只脊柱侧凸小鼠中有2只表现出两个脊柱畸形部位。C3 H/HeJ小鼠中的这种类型的amorphin导致脊柱侧凸的发生率较低（25%），并且受影响的动物只有一个脊柱侧凸部位。然而，在C3 H/HeJ小鼠中，PINX与双足截肢联合使用产生的脊柱侧凸率（70%）与在C57 BL/6 J小鼠中观察到的相似，并且诱导了一些双重变形。这些结果证实了我们以前在大鼠中的观察结果，也支持我们的假设，即褪黑激素以及双足Ampedal似乎在实验哺乳动物的脊柱侧凸中起着关键的致病作用。少

In addition to the induction of scoliosis in chickens by pinealectomy (PINX), we previously demonstrated that removal of the pineal gland also produces scoliosis in bipedal rats, which can be inhibited by melatonin treatment. Using C57BL/6J mice with genetically low circulating melatonin levels, the main objective of the present study was to investigate whether bipedal ambulation in C57BL/6J mice has the same effects on spinal deformity as those seen in pinealectomized bipedal rats. The present study consisted of two phases. The aim of the first experiment was to determine whether the C57BL/6J mouse strain actually exhibits depressed plasma concentrations and/or pineal contents of melatonin during both the light and the dark phase of the light : dark cycle. The aims of the second experiment were to evaluate ; (i)whether bipedal ambulation alone in the C57BL/6J mouse induces scoliosis, and (ii)whether PINX with bipedal ambulation in another mouse strain, i.e. C3H/HeJ, which normally exh … More ibits diurnal fluctuations in melatonin synthesis and secretion, has effects similar to those of bipedal ambulation alone in C57BL/6J mice.C3H/HeJ mice, serving as controls, showed significant increases in both plasma concentrations and pineal contents of melatonin during the dark phase when compared with the light phase. In contrast, there were no differences in either circulating levels or pineal contents of melatonin between the light and dark phases in C57BL/6J mice. Moreover, plasma melatonin levels were below the detection limit of the assay in both phases and pineal melatonin was <10% of that in C3H/HeJ mice. Bipedal ambulation for 40 weeks in C57BL/6J mice induced scoliosis at a rate of 64.3%, and two of nine scoliotic mice showed two sites of spinal deformity. This type of ambulation in C3H/HeJ mice resulted in scoliosis at a lower rate (25%), and affected animals had only a single scoliotic site. However, PINX combined with bipedal ambulation in C3H/HeJ mice produced scoliosis at a rate (70%) similar to that seen in C57BL/6J mice, and some double deformations were induced. These results confirm our previous observations in rats, and also support our hypothesis that melatonin as well as the bipedal ambulation appear to play a critical pathogenic role in scoliosis in experimental mammals. Less