Development of Learning Materials to Help Children Notice Natural Things in the Neighborhood as Resources for our Life

1.学习材料开发和课程开发的关系进行了审查和审议。在此基础上，提出了环境教育的教材开发和课程开发的策略。2对环境教育的框架与学生利用周边自然资源的活动之间的关系进行了研究和讨论。在此基础上，提出了包括利用周边自然资源制作学习材料在内的环境教育三阶段课程框架。3.为了开发利用周边自然资源制作学习材料，进行了以下主题的研究：（1）用附近的土制造陶器，（2）用附近的沙制造玻璃，（3）用附近的铁砂制造铁，（4）利用土壤分解垃圾和产生可燃气体的功能，（5）用石头和植物生火，（6）用大豆和海水做豆腐，（7）用植物和土壤做颜料，（8）用植物和土壤做蜡笔，（9）用附近的植物做淀粉，（10）用芥末做油和肥皂。（11）野草制堆肥，（12）卡宴多用，（13）向日葵多用，（14）蜡树制蜡烛，（15）红楠木制香（16）利用垃圾分解的生物功能，（17）动物粪便的综合利用，（18）以树的摆动为素材进行音乐创作。4.本研究所开发的部分素材应用于幼儿园、小学、初中的课堂教学中。

1.Relation of learning material development and curriculum development was examined and deliberated. Based on the examination and deliberation, a strategy of material development and curriculum development for environmental education was proposed.2 Relation of frameworks for environmental education and students' activities of making something from natural resources found in the neighborhood was examined and deliberated. Based on the examination and deliberation, a three-stepwise curriculum framework for environment education which includes learning materials of making something from natural resources found in the neighborhood was proposed.3.In order to develop learning materials of making something from natural resources found in the neighborhood, studies were conducted on the following themes : (1)making earthenware from soil in the neighborhood, (2)making glass from sand in the neighborhood, (3)making iron from iron sand in the neighborhood, (4)using the soil function of decomposing garbage and of producing flammable gasses, (5)using stones and plants to build a fire, (6)making bean curd from soybean and seawater, (7)making paints from plants and soil, (8)making crayon from plants and soil, (9)producing starch from plants in the neighborhood, (10)producing oil and making soap from the mustard. (11)making compost from wild grasses, (12)multipurpose usage of the cayenne, (13)multipurpose usage of the sunflower, (14)making candles from the wax tree, (15)making incense sticks from the red nanmu tree (Machilus thunbergii) and from other plants, (16)using earthworm function of decomposing garbage, (17)multipurpose usage of animal feces, (18)using swings of trees as materials to compose music.4.Some of the materials developed from these studies were applied in the classes of a kindergarten, primary schools, lower-secondary schools.