Shipbuilding and shipping during the high and late Middle Ages - evaluation of the archaeological sources of the southwestern Baltic coast

在过去的15年里，在波罗的海西南部沿着发现了许多公元世纪至15世纪的船只。这些发现包括中世纪时期的各种不同类型的船只。除了在北欧造船传统中建造的小型和中型船只外，特别是在中世纪时期发现的具有异常大尺寸的船只，以及不同北方欧洲造船传统的建筑特征的混合物，迄今为止是独一无二的，对历史和考古研究具有特殊意义。来自波罗的海西南海岸的考古材料是一个很好的起点，可以对中世纪晚期的造船和航海进行全面的研究。它们为了解中世纪航运和造船史提供了新的视角。这些材料不仅使研究扩大到迄今为止在德国的历史研究中几乎没有考虑的原始材料成为可能。同时，这也是一个机会，可以阐明中世纪北方中欧造船和航运的演变问题。在这里申请的项目范围内，将把波罗的海西南海岸发现的船只历史性地纳入中欧北方造船和航运的整个演变过程。研究材料的核心包括从汉萨早期到中世纪晚期的船只发现，从世纪到沿着梅克伦堡-沃尔波梅尔恩海岸。将参照其他国家的研究结果对这些船只发现的物品进行审查。审查将侧重于生产程序、技术转让以及各船舶在该时期环境、经济和社会条件方面的能力。将通过使用各种科学方法对材料进行广泛的跨学科分析来澄清这些问题。

During the past 15 years numerous ship finds from the 12th to 15th century AD have been discovered and examined along the southwestern coast of the Baltic Sea. These finds include a variety of different ship types of the medieval period. Apart from smaller and medium sized vessels build in the Nordic shipbuilding tradition in particular the finds of vessels with unusually large dimensions combined with a mixture of building characteristics of different northern European shipbuilding traditions are up to now unique for the medieval period and of special interest for the historical and archaeological research. The archaeological material from the southwestern Baltic coast represents an excellent starting point for a still outstanding comprehensive examination of shipbuilding and seafaring during the high and late Middle Ages. They offer new perspectives for the understanding of medieval shipping and the history of shipbuilding. The material does not only give the possibility to expand the research to source material that has up to now found only little consideration in the historical research in Germany. At the same time it is an opportunity to throw light on the question of the evolution of shipbuilding and shipping during the Middle Ages in northern central Europe.Within the scope of the project applied for here, a historical integration of the ship finds fromthe southwestern Baltic coast into the entire evolution of shipbuilding and shipping in northern central Europe will be carried out. The core of the research material consists of ship finds from the early Hanseatic period to the late medieval time, from the 12th to the 15th century along the coast of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. These ship finds will be examined in relation to research results from other countries. The examination will focus on production procedures, technology transfer and the capabilities of the respective ships in regard of the environmental, economic and social conditions of the period. The clarification of these questions will be carried out through an extensive interdisciplinary analysis of the material using a variety of scientific methods.