Tracing tsunami impacts in coastal geo- and bio-archives along the west coast of Thailand

该项目的目的是在泰国西部选定沿海地区的近岸地质和生物档案中查明海啸影响留下的痕迹。应将2004年印度洋海啸作为一个原型，因为它对所有沿海生态系统都产生了重大影响。在第一阶段，在陆地、沿岸的地带和海洋（洼地、沿海低地、湖泊、海湾、红树林沼泽、巨石区、珊瑚礁）的近岸档案中研究了2004年海啸的所有痕迹。目前正在通过沉积学、地球化学和微型动物分析来确定其指纹。在第二阶段（本申请），应详细审查同一地理和生物档案中以及泰国西海岸沿着其他档案中以前极端事件的痕迹，包括其起源（风暴或海啸）、强度和年代（A）。为了重建该地区的海啸历史，必须重建研究地点（B）的古地理演变以及中晚全新世（C）的海平面曲线。Phra Thong岛的沼泽，Phang-nga湾的塔喀斯特岛屿的充满水的天坑以及Ban Bang Sak和Cape Pakarang的沿海平原被证明是合适的地理档案。所有这些地点都包含多个事件层，年龄从几百年到5000多年，由AMS-14 C和OSL测定。应在项目第2阶段根据上述研究目标（A）、（B）和（C）对其进行详细研究。生活的Porites lutea殖民地被证明是优秀的生物档案，存储了过去1000年左右极端事件的连续记录。对Ko Racha Yai的珊瑚礁进行取样，可能会将这一时间跨度延长到2000年。

The project aims to identify traces left by tsunami impacts in nearshore geo- and bioarchives of selected coastal areas of western Thailand. The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami shall be taken as a prototype since it had a major effect on all coastal ecosystems. In Phase 1 all traces of the 2004 tsunami were studied in nearshore archives on land, in the littoral zone and in the sea (swales, coastal lowlands, lakes, embayments, mangrove swamps, boulder fields, coral reefs). Its fingerprint is being worked out by sedimentological, geochemical and microfaunal analyses. In Phase 2 (this application), traces of former extreme events in the same geo- and bioarchives and in additional ones along the west coast of Thailand shall be examined in detail with respect to their origin (storm or tsunami), intensitv and age (A). In order to reconstruct the tsunami history of the region, the palaeogeographic evolution of the studied sites (B) as well as the sea-level curve for the Middle and Late Holocene (C) has to be reconstructed. Swales of Phra Thong Island, water-filled sinkholes of the tower karst islands in Phang-nga Bay and the coastal plains at Ban Bang Sak and Cape Pakarang turned out to be suitable geo-archives. All of these sites contain multiple event layers with ages of several hundred years up to more than 5.000 years, dated by AMS-14C and OSL. They shall be studied in Phase 2 of the project in detail under the research goals (A), (B) and (C) mentioned above. Living Porites lutea colonies proved to be excellent bio-archives, having stored a continuous record of extreme events of the last 1.000 or so years. Sampling the reefs of Ko Racha Yai, it may be possible to extend this time span up to 2.000 years.