International Comparative Study on Toxicity Assessment

危险化学品对环境的污染已被公认为是一个国际性的、关系到生态系统和人类生死存亡的共同问题。危险化学品环境污染的管理和控制方法因各国的思维方式和国情而异。在我国，首先对化学品进行化学分析，然后将化学品的浓度与环境标准进行比较。而在欧洲、美国和加拿大，环境中有害化学品的存在首先是通过生物测定来确定的。在化学品的环境管理中，开发和使用了多种生物测定方法。本国际合作研究的目的是为发展化学品环境控制和管理的方法学做出贡献。在本研究项目的第一年，日本科学家访问了澳大利亚和中国，报告了我们在环境管理方法学方面的动向 ...更多信息 收集了两国的环境管理信息。在这两个国家，我们都找不到专门的管理制度。我们邀请了加拿大的一位合作科学家和日本的一位科学家访问了加拿大，我们在化学品的生物梯度和使用水螅的生物测定方面进行了合作研究。第二年，日本访问了加拿大，捷克，比利时，瑞士，奥地利，中国和台湾，并邀请了加拿大，瑞士和南非的科学家访问日本。我们讨论了我们的研究项目。在新的生物测定方法方面，我们开发了一种高灵敏度的生物测定方法--水蚤游动分析法。去年，所有合作的科学家参加了在南非比勒陀利亚市举行的国际研讨会，并发表了研究结果。我们开了一个小组会议，就我们的研究项目交换了意见，并讨论了如何安排报告。研究报告于3月发表。少

Environmental pollution by hazardous chemicals has been recognized as an international and common matter of life and death of ecosystems and mankind in the world. The methods of management and control of environmental pollution by hazardous chemicals are different depending on each country's way of thinking and circumstances. In our country, at first chemical analyze of chemicals is done and then the concentration of chemicals are compared with environmental standards. While in Europe and U.S.A and Canada, the existing of hazardous chemicals in environments is at first confirmed by bioassays. Many kinds of bioassays are developed and used for environmental management of chemicals.The object of this international co-operative investigation is to contribute to develop the methodology of environmental control and management of chemicals.In the first year of this research project, Japanese scientists visited Australia and China and reported our trend of the methodology of environmental man … More agement of Japan and collected the information of environmental management from the two countries. We could not find the special management system in the both countries. We invite a co-operative scientist from Canada and a scientist from Japan side visited Canada, and we carried the co-operative research on the bio-gradiation of chemicals and the bioassay using hydra.In the second year, Japan visited Canada, Czech, Belgium, Switzerland, Austria, China and Taiwan, and scientists from Canada, Switzerland and South Africa were invited to Japan. We discussed about our research project. As for new bioassay method, we developed a high sensitive bioassay method using Daphnia mobility analysis.In the last year, all of co-operative scientists participated in the International Symposium held at South Africa, Pretoria City and presented the research results. We had a group meeting and exchanged views with each other about our research project and discussed how to arrange the report. Research report was published at March. Less