Evaluation of bone mass variation based on host-environment model

背景：有关骨健康的流行病学研究大多局限于分析骨量与社会经济或生活方式变量的关系，以及中年妇女和绝经后妇女的骨量与骨量的关系。需要以改善年轻女性骨健康为重点的公共卫生策略。方法：共有4595名12-22岁的女性参与研究。用数字图像处理(DIP)和定量超声法(OSI)测量骨矿含量(BMC)。通过健康问卷调查询问病史、运动习惯、饮食消费等生活方式变量。在大学生中，78名女性描述了3天的饮食记录，并计算了能量和其他营养素和矿物质的值。利用这些食物数据，通过因子分析生成了营养物质的消费模式。结果：在膳食结构分析中，确定了营养平衡、脂肪和蛋白质三种膳食因素。在控制了可能的混杂后，脂肪模式与低BMC值相关，表明成年早期骨丢失的风险增加。遗传和环境因素对BMC多样性的贡献有限，分别占总变异的14%和6%。结论：在年轻女性中，脂肪摄入量与BMC呈负相关，而遗传贡献在其多样性中所占的比例很小。

Background : The most of the epidemiologic studies of bone health are limited to analyze relationship between bone mass and socioeconomic or lifestyle variables and for middle-aged women and those of after menopause. Public health strategies focused on improvement of bone health in young women are required.Methods : A total of 4,595 women aged 12-22 years was included in this study. Bone mineral content(BMC) was measured using DIP(digital image processing) and quantitative ultrasound methods(OSI). Lifestyle variables of medical history, habitual exercise, and food consumption were asked through health questionnaire. Among the college students, 78 women described 3-days food record and values of energy and other nutrients and minerals were calculated. Using of these food data, nutrient consumption patterns were generated with factor analysis. Genetic and environmental contributions to variation of BMC among the pair of brothers and sisters in elementary and junior high schools were analyzed using path models in which values of BMC was treated as expressed traits.Results : In dietary pattern analysis, three dietary factors were derived ; nutrient-balanced, fat, and protein patterns. After controlling probable confounding, fat pattern correlated with low value of BMC, indicating increased risk of bone loss in early adulthood. There was a limited contribution of both genetic and environmental factors on BMC diversity; 14% and 6% of total variance.Conclusion : In young women, fat intake is inversely associated with BMC, while genetic contribution accounted for small portion of its diversity.