The Role of Microorganisms in Periodontal Diseases

1.牙周袋内细菌生态学：(1)采用间接免疫荧光法、酶标记抗体法和DNA-DNA杂交法检测牙周袋内特定微生物（Ebisu, Murayama, Hara）。(2)建立了口腔螺旋体常规培养方法（Ishikawa）。(3)对牙周微生物的营养关系进行了研究，采用混合培养的方法对牙周细菌沃尔内菌（Wolinella reeta）和血链球菌进行了研究。讨论了牙周袋内细菌繁殖的机制。2.细菌成分及其生物活性：(1)放线菌群变异似乎与细胞外膜蛋白（纤布）的存在有关（Kato）。(2)利用Usemoto的方法检测了sputigena硒单胞菌和Bacteroides gingivalis（Bg）的生物活性。(3)牙周细菌对组织细胞和牙周细胞的结合特异性，对唾液支原体（Watanabe）和核梭杆菌（Okamoto）的细菌细胞进行了更多的研究。3.来自Bg的特异性抗原：来自Bg 381的抗原在牙周炎患者中以体液免疫反应的方式被表征并纯化（Murayama）。(2)克隆了bg381（纤原蛋白）纤原膜亚基蛋白的编码基因，并对其进行了测序。然后将其用于临床检测牙周袋中的Bg菌株（Yoshimura, Suzuki）。(3)构建了bg381染色体DNA基因库。克隆产物可用于Abiko（阿比科）的进一步研究。4.宿主对牙周细菌的反应：(1)乳铁蛋白与牙周袋内的杀菌机制有关（Maita, Endo）。(2)Bg释放的物质通过调节细胞表面受体和细胞内部事件来抑制多形核白细胞的功能（Aono, Maeda）。5.诊断与菌群：(1)检查牙周袋内细菌抗体水平与临床状况、菌群的相关性。然后从结果讨论牙周病的诊断（Hara）。(2)从细菌学、生化、免疫学、临床等方面综合探索牙周病活动性的诊断方法（Ebisu）。少

1.Bacterial ecology in periodontal pockets : (1)The approaches to examination of the specific microorganisms within periodontal pockets were performed through indirect immunofluorescence procedure, enzyme-labeled antibody test and DNA-DNA hybridization method (Ebisu, Murayama, Hara).(2) A method for routine culturing of oral spirochetes was established (Ishikawa). (3)The nutritional relationship among periodontal microorganisms were examined on a mixed culture of Wolinella reeta, a periodontal bacteria, and Streptococcus sanguis. The mechanisms of bacterialsucce ssion in periodontal pockets were discussed. 2.Bacterial components and their biological activities : (1)A colonial variation in Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans seems to relate the presence of outermembrane proteins (fimbrite) on the cells (Kato). (2)The biological activities of Selenomonas sputigena and Bacteroides gingivalis(Bg) were examined (Usemoto). (3)Binding specificity of periodontal bacteria to tissue cells and b … More acterial cells were studiedabout Mycoplasma salivarium (Watanabe) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Okamoto). 3.The specific antigens from Bg : An antigen from Bg 381 was characterized by the manner of humoral immune response in patients with periodontitis and purified (Murayama). (2)The gene encoding the fimbrial subunit protein from Bg 381 (fimbrilin) was cloned and sequenced. Then it was used forclini- cal detection of the Bg strains in periodontal pockets (Yoshimura, Suzuki). (3)Gene banksof the chr omosomal DNA from Bg 381 were constructed. The clone product was used for further studies of Bg (Abiko). 4.Host response against periodontal bacteria : (1)Lactoferrin was related to the bactericidal mechanism in periodontal pockets (Maita, Endo). (2)Bg released sub-stanc es which suppress the functions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes via the modulation of cellsurface re ceptors and internal cellular events (Aono, Maeda). 5.Diagnosis and bacterial flora : (I)The correl ation among antibody levels to bacteria, clinical status, and bacterial flora inperiodontal pockets were examined. Then the diagnosis of periodontal diseases were discussed from the results (Hara). (2)The diagnostic methods for measurement of periodontal disease activity were synthetically searched from the bacterial, biochemical, immunological, and clinical aspects (Ebisu). Less