Eco-biotoxicology of Newly Developed Semiconductor Metals.

对新开发的半导体材料或生物材料金属化合物进行了生态-生物毒理学研究，获得了基本的毒理学数据。(1)致瘤性：气管内注射InAs和InP颗粒可造成严重的肺损伤，但无明显的致瘤性。腹腔注射GaAs和GaP，并在小鼠大腿肌内植入镍合金，均表现出明显的致瘤性。(2)免疫毒性：Be、Pt、Ni处理小鼠脾脏多克隆IgG产生细胞数量增加，而Zr、Co处理小鼠脾脏多克隆IgG产生细胞数量无变化。Be、Pt和Ni似乎具有抗原性的免疫细胞毒性。(3)胚胎毒性：在器官发生阶段，镍对胚胎生长有较强的影响。(4)致突变性：在rec试验中，Be、Ga、Sb和As具有DNA损伤活性，但在Ames试验中对沙门氏菌无致突变性。在V79细胞的SCE实验中，Sb、Be和As诱导SCE。(5)代谢研究，一般毒性：锗和三甲基larsin迅速随尿排出。与正常大鼠相比，肾病变大鼠体内这些化学物质的滞留量增加。As的一般毒性顺序为arsin b>三乙基larsin >三甲基larsin。Sb影响红细胞膜的渗透脆弱性。低浓度铟选择性影响肾小管。这些发现提供了这些新金属的基本毒理学数据。

Eco-bio-toxicological investigations on newly developed metal compounds as the semiconductor materials or biomaterials were carried out to obtain basic toxicological data.(1) Tumorigenicity : Intratracheal injection of InAs and InP particles produced severe lung damage, but they showed no apparent tumorigenicity. Intraperitoneal injections of GaAs and GaP, and implantation of nickel alloy in thigh muscle of mice showed a significant tumorigenicity.(2) Immunotoxicity : Number of polyclonal IgG production cells in spleens of mice treated with Be, Pt and Ni was increased, but that with Zr and Co showed no change. Be, Pt, and Ni seem to have the immunological cytotoxicity as antigenicity.(3) Embryonic toxicity : Ni showed a strong effect on the embryonic growth at the stage of organogenesis.(4) Mutagenicity : Be, Ga, Sb and As showed a DNA damaging activity in rec-assay, but no mutagenicity to Salmonella in Ames test. In SCE test using V79 cells, Sb, Be and As induced SCE.(5) Metabolic study, general toxicity : Germanium and trimethylarsine are rapidly excreted in urine. In rats with renal lesion, the retention of these chemicals in the body was increased as compared with normal rats. General toxicity of As is in the order of arsine > triethylarsine > trimethylarsine. Sb affects the osmotic fragility of red blood cell membrane. Indium selectively affects renal tubules in low concentrations. These findings offer a basic toxicological data of these new metals.