"FUNCTIONAL ROLE OF PREMOTOR CORTEX AND SUPPLEMENTARY MOTOR AREA IN MOTOR PROGRAMMING"

1)日本猕猴(Macaca Fuscata)运动前皮质(PM)和辅助运动区(SMA)的SET相关活动可分为三类：(1)选择性地响应方向IS的活动；(2)选择性地响应幅度IS的活动；(3)在两个IS都出现后最明显的活动，既反映方向又反映幅度。在PM和SMA记录到的SET相关活动的神经元中，第三种模式的神经元占绝大多数。这些观察结果支持这样一种假设，即PM和SMA集合相关活动通过提供可用于下运动中枢的完整运动参数而有助于为即将到来的运动做准备。2)通过注射辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)或小麦胚凝集素结合HRP(WGA-HRP)来研究PM和SMA的皮质输入输出组织。在MI内注射HRP后，在中央前上沟(SPS)正侧方的PM可见HRP标记神经元，具有SET相关活动的神经元密集分布于此。因此，在PM中，运动程序作为集合相关活动被传递到MI，被认为是大脑皮层运动命令的最终共同途径。WGA-HRP注射于SMA、MI、扣带回皮质、SMA、MI、扣带皮质和5区，在SMA、MI、扣带皮质和7b区均有标记神经元。因此，考虑到集合相关神经元和不同的输入输出组织在PM内的位置，推测PM至少可以分为两部分，一部分位于SPS周围区域，另一部分位于丘脑后皮质。

1) Set-related activity in the premotor cortex (PM) and supplementary motor area (SMA) of Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) was classified into three categories: (1) activity selectively responding to the direction IS, (2) activity selectively responding to the amplitude IS, and (3) activity most apparent after both IS were presented, reflecting both direction and amplitude. Among neurons with set-related activity recorded in PM and SMA, neurons with the third pattern constituted the vast majority. Those observations support the hypothesis that PM and SMA set-related activity contributes to the preparation of the forthcoming movements by providing integrated movement parameters which can be utilized in lower motor centers.2) The corticocortical input-output organization of PM and SMA was studied by either horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or wheat germ agglutinin conjugated HRP (WGA-HRP) injection in monkeys. When HRP was injected in MI, the HRP labeled neurons were found especially in PM immediately lateral to the superior precentral sulcus (SPS) where neurons with set-related activity were densely located. Thus, it was suggested that motor program as set-related activity in PM is transmitted to MI considered as a final common pathway of motor command from cerebral cortex. HRP labeled neurons were also found in SMA, postarcuate cortex, cingulate cortex, and area 5. When WGA-HRP was injected in the cortex immediately lateral to SPS, the labeled neurons were found in restricted regions of SMA, MI, cingulate cortex, and area 5. In contrast, when WGA-HRP was injected in the postarcuate cortex, labeled neurons were found in SMA, MI, cingulate cortex, area 5, and area 7b. Thus, considering the location of set-related neurons and different input-output organizations within PM, it was speculated that PM can be divided into at least two parts, one in the region around SPS and the other in the postarcuate cortex.