Role of Macrophages in Atherogenesis

1.为探讨巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞在人动脉粥样硬化中的作用，应用免疫组织化学方法结合电镜观察了人动脉内膜大体正常区、脂肪条纹区和粥样斑块区的细胞浸润情况。在脂肪条纹和动脉粥样硬化斑块的病变中，包括纤维帽和肩部区域，OKM 1 + LeuM 3+巨噬细胞以及巨噬泡沫细胞与OKT 3+淋巴细胞密切共存。值得注意的是，巨噬细胞和T淋巴细胞的这种共定位在大体正常的内膜的一些区域中是可检测的。电镜观察显示，淋巴细胞与巨噬细胞之间、淋巴细胞与淋巴细胞之间以及巨噬细胞与巨噬细胞之间均存在直接的细胞接触。为探讨家兔脑动脉粥样硬化的发生发展及起始病变部位，应用扫描显微镜对家兔椎动脉至大脑后动脉段的脑动脉背面进行了全面观察。结果表明，高血压合并高胆固醇血症可诱发脑动脉某些易损部位的动脉粥样硬化.本文研究了巨噬细胞与培养的内皮细胞的相互作用。LDL和VLDL预处理可增加巨噬细胞与内皮细胞的粘附。来自高胆固醇血症动物的巨噬细胞显示出增强的对内皮细胞的附着;当通过延时电影显微摄影检查时，它们移动得更快。我们建立了一个体外血管壁模型，该模型由在人羊膜上培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞组成。

1. To investigate the role of macrophages and lymphocytes in human atherosclerosis, immunohistological methods combined with electron microscopic analysis were used to assess the cellular infiltrates in human arterial intima such as normal areas on gross inspection, fatty streaks and atheromatous plaques. In the lesions of fatty streaks and atheromatous plaques including the fibrous cap and shoulder region, OKM1+ LeuM3+ macrophages as well as macrrophage foam cells were intimately coexisted with OKT3+ lymphocytes. It was worthy to note that such colocalization of macrophages and T lymphocytes was detectable in some areas of grossly normal intima. Electron microscopy demonstrated the direct cellular contact not only between lymphocytes and macrophages but also among lymphocyte-lymphocyte and macrophage-macrophage.2. To assess the development and initial lesion sites of cerebral atherosclerosis in rabbits, the dorsal surface of the cerebral artery segment covering from the vertebral arteries to posterior cerebral arteries was thoroughly examined by scanning microscopy. The results showed that hypertension coupled with hypercholesterolemia induced atherosclerosis in certain vulnerable regions of the cerebral arteries.3. Interaction of macrophages with cultured endothelila cells was studied. Pretreatment with LDL and VLDL increased adhesion of macrophages to endothelial cells. Macrophages from hypercholesterolemic animals showed enhanced attachment to the endothelila cells; they moved more quickly when examined by time-lapse cinephotomicrography.4. We produced an in vitro model of a blood vessel wall consisting of human umbilical vein endothelial cells cultured on human amnion.