A Study of the Optimum Time to Learn the Dynamic Balance Movement and to Train the Muscle Strength and Endurance : The age Difference and the Effectiveness of Practice and Training.

我们有480名小学一年级到六年级的孩子，每个年级分成4个组。在每个年级中，A、B、C组为实验组，D组为对照组。前者练习3周，每周6天，进行三种不同类型的动态平衡运动。所有的孩子都被平衡仪检查，根据最合适的年龄进行练习。本实验结果提示，小学早期可能是男女学生学习动态平衡运动的最佳时期。但是，本实验的实践效果低于小林的实验。因此，我们认为婴儿期后期（5岁）动态平衡能力的可训练性要高得多。本实验结果与先前报道的静止行走、蹲下起跑最佳学习时间的差异表明，由于重心线落在支撑点外保持平衡的必要性越来越大，学习动平衡运动的最佳时间转移到了小学高年级。我们有180个从小学四年级到高中三年级的男孩，每个年级分成两组。在每个年级中，一组为实验组，另一组为对照组，实验组训练8周，每周3天，对大腿和手臂肌肉进行等速肌肉锻炼。采用Cybex 11对所有受试者在不同角速度下（O 60 120 180 240 300 /s）的肌肉力量和耐力进行了测试。从本研究中我们得出结论，男孩的肌肉力量训练的最佳时间是在13岁左右，肌肉耐力训练的最佳时间是在12岁左右。这些研究的结果表明，肌肉耐力等身体能力，他们发现，训练和练习的效果在身体成熟显著的年龄组中比其他年龄组更为可观。少

We had 480 children from the first to sixth grade of elementary school divided into 4 groups in every grade. In each grade, three groups(A, B, C)were experimental groups and the other(D)was a control group. The former practiced for 3 weeks, and 6 days per week, with three different types of dynamic balance movement. All children were examined by the balance meter in terms of the most appropriate age to get practice.The results of this experiments suggested that the optimal period for learning the dynamic balance movement might be existed in early elementary school years for both sexes. But, the effectiveness of practice in this experiment was lower than tlat of Kobayashi's. Therefore, it is thought that the trainability of dynamic balance ability is much higher in the latter term of infancy(5 years old).The result of this experiment and the discrepancies of the optimum time to learn the walking on stil'ts, and the crouching start which was previously reported indicate that the best tim … More e to learn the dynamic balance movement is shifted to the higher grades of the elementary school, as the necessity of keeping the balance with the center of gravity line falling outside of the base of support, gets larger.We had 180 boys from the forth grade of elementary school through third grade of high school divided into 2 groups in every grade. In each grade, one group was an experimental group and the other was a control group, The former trained for 8 weeks, and 3 days per week, with isokinetic muscle exercise for the muscles of the thigh and arm. All subjects were examined by the Cybex 11 in terms, of the muscle strength and endurance at various angular velocities(Oﾟ 60ﾟ 120ﾟ 180ﾟ 240ﾟ 300ﾟ/s).From this studies, we conclude that the best time to train the muscle strength is at about the 13 years for boy, muscle endurance is at about 12 yearsThe results of these studies suggested that the physical abilities such as muscle endurance, they were found that the effect of training and practice were more considerable among the age group whose physical maturing were remarkable than other age groups. Less