Methodological research on the transmission and development of music culture in Asian countries-- from the viewpoint of the common materials in Asia

根据当代社会对国际理解教育的需求，本研究旨在发展促进传统音乐文化之间相互理解的音乐教育方法。作为第一步，我们尝试根据亚洲，特别是日本和中国音乐文化的共同特征来开发教材。作为共同特征，我们提取了“戏剧化与音乐”和“学习方法与音乐”两个点，并对日本歌舞伎、中国京剧等的各自特征进行了比较。根据结果，我们制作了两卷录像带作为教学材料，并提出了一些使用这些录像带的教学计划。戏剧与音乐：日本歌舞伎与中国京剧在戏剧与音乐的关系上有以下四点共同特点。(1)表演与音乐(2)景物与音乐描写(3)自然与音乐描写(4)肢体动作伴奏音乐比较日本（能乐合奏、小调、三味声、松林）和中国（京剧打击乐合奏）的器乐学习方式，发现两者既有共同的特点（“幕府”在学习过程中的作用），也有差异（日本分别对应乐器，中国对应整体合奏）。

Following the needs for intemational understanding education which confront the contemporary societies, this research aims to develop the methods of music education promoting a mutual understanding among the traditional music cultures. For taking the first step, we tried to develop the teaching materials based on the common characteristics in the music cultures in Asia, especially in Japan and China.As the common characteristics, we extracted next two points, "Dramatization and Music" and "Leaming methods and Music", and compared the each characteristics of Japanese Kabuki, Chinese Peking Opera and so on. Based on the consequences, we produced two volumes of video tapes as teaching materials and presented some teaching plans using these video materials.1.Dramatization and Music : Japanese Kabuki and Chinese Peking OperaIn the following four points, the common traits as to relationships between dramatization and music were found.(1) Performance and Music (2) Description of scenery and Music (3) Description of nature and Music (4) Music of accompaniment to body action2.Learning methods and Music : Ways of learning in strumental musics using "Shoga"Comparing the ways of learning instrumental musics between Japan (Noh instrumental ensemble, Soukyoku, Shamisen, Matsuri-bayashi) and China (percussion ensemble of Peking Opera), it was ascertained that there exists both the common features ( the role of "Shoga" in the learning process) and the differences (Japan-corresponding to each in strument : China-corresponding to whole ensembles).