Development of a high temperature equipment using infrared ray

为了研究行星状物质的形成过程，观察矿物在高温下的结构变化和相变是非常重要的。然而，在1000 - 1400 ℃的温度范围内，特别是在温度稳定、寿命长、污染少和环境控制方面，还没有开发出足够的高温设备。本文介绍了一种适用于上述条件的新型加热装置。该炉是椭圆形的红外线炉，其中一个卤素灯位于其中一个forcuses和fornace内部是由黄金涂层。在另一个焦点中，设置了表面经过抛光的石英玻璃棒。从灯中射出的红外线的80%集中在玻璃棒的表面上。集中在杆上的红外线被引入杆中，并在杆中以全反射的方式行进到样品位置。为了获得更高的温度，红外线必须聚焦在样品上。当采用透镜系统进行聚焦时，难以避免色差。因此，引入了反射锥系统，其中红外线通过全反射聚集。合适的聚焦锥材料必须对红外线具有高的透明度和高的折射率。从这一角度出发，选择了SiO2玻璃和蓝宝石。由于制造难度大、成本高，蓝宝石仅用于反射锥。温度由几种材料的熔点校准。使用一端制成圆锥形（锥角20度）的SiO2玻璃棒，最高温度可达1400 ° C。我们还在光锥区域引入了铂涂层，以避免射线泄漏。在5 mmPHI范围内获得了均匀的温度分布，并将该高温装置应用于X射线旋进相机中，获得了较高的热稳定性

In order to investigate the formation process of the planetary materials, it is important to observe the structural changes and the phase transitions of mierals at high temperature. However, the adequate high temperature equipments for the tempearture range of 1000 - 1400 oC have not been developed, especially for temperature stability, long life-time, least contamination and circumstance control. In this reasearch, the new heating device was developed for the conditions avobe mentioned. The furnace is the oval-formed infra-red furnace, where a halogen lamp is situated on one of the forcuses and inside of the fornace is coated by gold. In the other focus a silica-glass rod whose surface was polished is set. The 80% of infra-red ray which was ejected from the lamp is concentrated on the surface of the glass rod. The infra-red ray concentrated on the rod is introduced in the rod and proceeded in the rod to the specimen position with total reflection. In order to attain much higher temperature, the infra-red ray must be focued on the specimen. When the lens system is adopted for forcusing, it is difficult to avoid chromatic aberration. Therefore, the reflection cone system was introduced where the infra-red ray is concentrated by total reflection. The adequate materials for the focusing cone must have high transparency and high reflactive index to infra-red ray. On this point of view, SiO2 glass and saphire were selected. Because of manufacturing difficulty and high cost, saphire was applied only to the reflection cone. The temperature was calibrated by the melting points of several materials. The highest temperature was attained to be 1400oC by using a SiO2 glass rod whose end had been manufactured to the cone (20 degree of conical angle). We introduced further a Pt-coating to the cone area to avoid the leak of ray. The homogeneous temperature was attained in the area of 5mm PHI.We applied this high temperature equipment to the X-ray precession camera and the high te