Neurobiological, psychological and social markers of violent delinquency

暴力犯罪在一生中的发展是相当不均匀的。暴力行为是一个复杂过程的结果，涉及社会、心理和生物因素之间的各种中介和相互影响。目前的建议是以现代城市犯罪纵向研究为基础的。这项小组研究发现，与国际研究结果一致，i）在青少年时期，暴力犯罪也很常见，但本质上是短暂的，ii）即使是大多数严重的暴力犯罪者也会在成年早期停止犯罪。目前的研究建议是基于CrimoC关于远端和近端社会和心理原因对从青春期到成年期的犯罪行为发展的影响的研究结果。在进一步的跨学科步骤中，我们现在想研究同时在成人样本中的神经生物学，神经心理学和精神病理学方面。在这种多层次方法中，将收集神经生物学数据，即，对大脑结构和功能以及荷尔蒙和遗传的影响。CrimoC数据对于这种独特的补充神经生物学调查非常有价值，因为我们预计这将导致对暴力犯罪模式的更独特和全面的分类和理解。最后，我们希望利用现有的犯罪学，社会和心理学数据来测试其预测潜力的结构和功能的大脑措施，认知能力和精神病理学在成人样本。虽然是回顾性获得的，但计划中的研究将允许测试早期犯罪学，社会学和心理学因素对暴力犯罪背景下非无可争议的神经生物学，精神病理学和神经心理学参数的预测能力，此外还将提高现有CrimoC受访者对暴力犯罪的认识。

The development of violent delinquency over the life-course is quite heterogeneous. Violent behavior is a result of complicated processes, involving various mediating and interacting influences between social, psychological and biological factors. The current proposal rests on the longitudinal Crime in Modern Cities study (CrimoC). This panel study found, in line with international research findings, that i) in adolescence also violent delinquency is quite common yet transient in nature, and that ii) even the majority of intensive violent offenders desists from offending latest in early adulthood. The current research proposal is based on the CrimoC findings on the impact of distal as well as proximal social and psychological causes on the development of delinquent behavior from adolescence into adulthood. In a further interdisciplinary step, we want now to study the neurobiological, neuropsychological and psychopathological dimensions in the meanwhile adult sample. Within such a multilevel approach, neurobiological data will be collected, i.a., on brain structure and function as well as on hormonal and genetic influences. The CrimoC data are very valuable for such a unique complementary neurobiological investigation since we expect that this will lead to a much more distinct and comprehensive classification and understanding of the patterns of violent delinquency. Finally, we want to use the existing criminological, social and psychological data to test its predictive potential for structural and functional brain measures, cognitive performance and psychopathology in the adult sample. Although retrospectively acquired, the planned research will allow to test the predictive power of earlier criminological, sociological and psychological factors on the not undisputed neurobiological, psychopathological and neuropsychological parameters in the context of violent delinquency, besides advancing the knowledge on violent delinquency among the existing CrimoC respondents.