Measurement of mental physical health status utilizing biophysical and psychological methods

本研究的目的是制定适当的科学方法来衡量一般人群的身心健康状况。研究对象为一家中型工厂的健康日本工人。至于相关的环境因素，我们得到了受试者的生活方式，如吸烟，饮酒，锻炼和工作时间的信息。本研究采用一般健康问卷（GHQ）、生活事件量表、日常困扰量表、工作紧张量表等量表对被试的心理健康状况进行评估。我们还使用各种实验方法来评估生物物理健康状况，包括NK细胞活性、总IgE水平、外周血淋巴细胞染色体改变、白细胞中活性氧引起的DNA损伤以及尿致突变活性。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）结合限制性内切酶技术，检测了低Km乙醛脱氢酶（ALDH 2）和乙醇脱氢酶（ADH 2）基因的多态性。NK细胞活性和工作菌株之间的显着关联。尿致突变活性与吸烟等生活方式显著相关。我们建立了一种利用无氧DNA提取系统准确测定8-羟基脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）水平的方法。缺乏ALDH 2活性的习惯性饮酒者的染色体损伤水平显著高于非习惯性饮酒者或具有活性ALDH 2的习惯性饮酒者。建立了谷胱甘肽硫转移酶mu型（GSTM 1）多态性的检测方法。

The aim of the present studies was to develop appropriate scientific methods to measure mental and physical health status in a general population. The subjects were healthy Japanese workers in a medium-sizad plant. As for relevant environmental factors, we got information on the subjects' lifestyles such as smoking, alcohol drinking, exercise, and working hours. We utilized various established questionnaires to evaluate mental health status, including General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Life event scale, Daily hassles scale, and Job strain scale. We also used various experimental methods to assess biophysical health atatus including NK cell activity, total IgE level, chromosome alterations in peripheral lymphocytes, DNA damage caused by active oxygens in leukocytes, and urinary mutagenic activity. Some outstanding genetic polymorphisms such as those in low Km aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH2) genes were assessed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) coupled with digestions by resriction enzymes. A significant association between NK cell activity and job strains was suggested. Urinary mutagenic activity was significantly correlated with smoking and other lifestyles. We established the method to accurately measure 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels, typical DNA damage caused by active oxygens, using an oxygen-free DNA extracting system. Habitual alcohol drinkers lacking the ALDH2 activity had significantly higher chromosome damage levels than nonhabitual drinkers or habitual drinkers with active ALDH2. We also established the method to detect the polymorphism in glutathione-s-transferase mu type (GSTM1).